A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell including an anode gas flow channel and a cathode gas flow channel and generating electricity from a hydrogen-containing anode gas of the anode gas flow channel and an oxygen-containing cathode gas of the cathode gas flow channel; an anode off-gas emission path through which an anode off-gas emitted from the anode gas flow channel flows; and a cathode off-gas emission path through which a cathode off-gas emitted from the cathode gas flow channel flows. After stoppage of generation of electricity by the fuel cell, gas purging is performed in which at least a part of the cathode off-gas emission path is purged with a hydrogen-containing gas having passed through a junction where the anode off-gas emission path and the cathode off-gas emission path meet each other. The hydrogen-containing gas contains at least either the anode gas or the anode off-gas.

An electronic device manufacturing system includes: a gas supply; a mass flow controller (MFC) coupled to the gas supply; an inlet coupled to the MFC; an outlet; a control volume serially coupled to the inlet to receive a gas flow; and a flow restrictor serially coupled to the control volume and the outlet. A controller is adapted to allow the gas supply to flow gas through the control volume and the flow restrictor to achieve a stable pressure in the control volume, terminate the gas flow from the gas supply, and measure a rate of pressure decay in the control volume over time. A process chamber is coupled to a flow path, which is coupled to the mass flow controller, the process chamber to receive one or more process chemistries via the mass flow controller.

A distribution station includes an adjustable feed network that connects first and second pumps with first and second manifolds. The network is switchable between first and second configurations. In the first configuration a first pump is fluidly connected with the first manifold and fluidly disconnected from the second manifold. Concurrently, the second pump is fluidly connected to the second manifold and is fluidly disconnected from the first manifold. In the second configuration the first pump is fluidly connected with the second manifold and fluidly disconnected from the first manifold, and the second pump is fluidly disconnected from the first and second manifolds.

Filling methods and systems are provided for a conformable fuel tank. In one example, a system comprises an active thermal management arrangement for the conformable fuel tank. The active thermal management arrangement comprises one or more recirculation passage for mixing hot fuel distal to an inlet port of the conformable fuel tank with cool incoming fuel flowing to the inlet port.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods that include a multiple pump manifold to provide redundancy for use with high availability gas extraction system in industrial instrumentation. A method of operating a redundant pump assembly including operating a first pump of a plurality of pumps for an operation period; validating a second pump of the plurality of pumps at the end of the operation period of the first pump; validating a third pump of the plurality of pumps at the end of the operation period of the first pump; and, operating the third pump for the operation period, where the second pump and third pump are validated as operational.

A mass flow control apparatus having a monolithic base. The monolithic base has a gas inlet, a gas outlet, a first flow component mounting region, a second flow component mounting region, and a third flow component mounting region. The first flow component mounting region has a first inlet port and a first outlet port, the first inlet port being fluidly coupled to the gas inlet of the monolithic base. The third flow component mounting region has a first sensing port fluidly coupled to the gas outlet of the monolithic base.

Methods for simultaneously determining the concentrations of transition metal compounds in solutions containing two or more transition metal compounds are described. Polymerization reactor systems providing real-time monitoring and control of the concentrations of the transition metal components of a multicomponent catalyst system are disclosed, as well as methods for operating such polymerization reactor systems.

Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to certain types of reciprocating positive-displacement pumps (which may be referred to hereinafter as pods, pump pods, or pod pumps) used to pump fluids, such as a biological fluid (e.g., blood or peritoneal fluid), a therapeutic fluid (e.g., a medication solution), or a surfactant fluid. The pumps may be configured specifically to impart low shear forces and low turbulence on the fluid as the fluid is pumped from an inlet to an outlet. Such pumps may be particularly useful in pumping fluids that may be damaged by such shear forces (e.g., blood, and particularly heated blood, which is prone to hemolysis) or turbulence (e.g., surfectants or other fluids that may foam or otherwise be damaged or become unstable in the presence of turbulence).

Mass flow verification systems and apparatus verify mass flow rates of mass flow controllers (MFCs) based on pressure decay principles. Embodiments include a location for coupling a calibrated gas flow standard or a MFC to be tested in a line to receive a gas flow from a gas supply; a control volume serially coupled to the location in the line to receive the gas flow; a flow restrictor serially coupled to the control volume; a pump serially coupled to the flow restrictor; and a controller adapted to allow the gas supply to flow gas through the mass flow control verification system to achieve a stable pressure in the control volume, terminate the gas flow from the gas supply, and measure a rate of pressure decay in the control volume over time. Numerous additional aspects are disclosed.

Technical solutions are described for predicting linepack delays. An example method includes receiving temporal sensor measurements of a first fluid-delivery pipeline network and generating a causality graph of the first fluid-delivery pipeline network. The method also includes determining a topological network of the stations based on the causality graph, where the topological network identifies a temporal delay between a pair of stations. The method also includes generating a temporal delay prediction model based on the topological network and predicting the linepack delays of a second fluid-delivery pipeline network based on the temporal delay prediction model, where a compressor station of the second fluid-delivery pipeline network compresses fluid based on the predicted linepack delays to maintain a predetermined pressure.