Processes for sensing a variety of toxic chemicals and/or processes for determining the residual life of a filter or filtration system are provided. Exemplary process for sensing a toxic chemical include contacting a toxic chemical, or byproduct thereof, with a sorbent that includes a porous metal hydroxide and a transition metal reactant suitable to react with a toxic chemical or byproduct thereof. The sorbent is contacted with the toxic chemical or byproduct thereof for a sampling time. A difference between a post-exposure colorimetric state of the sorbent and a pre-exposure colorimetric state of the sorbent or control is determined to thereby sense exposure to, or the presence of, the toxic chemical or byproduct thereof.

A nanostructure sensing device comprises a semiconductor nanostructure having an outer surface, and at least one of metal or metal-oxide nanoparticle clusters functionalizing the outer surface of the nanostructure and forming a photoconductive nanostructure/nanocluster hybrid sensor enabling light-assisted sensing of a target analyte.

A system for providing an air quality information is disclosed. The system includes plural mobile devices, a cloud data processing device and a client device. Each mobile device has a positioning module and an actuating and sensing module to generate a single-point air quality data to transmit to the cloud data processing device. The cloud data processing device collects the plural single-point air quality data transmitted from the plural mobile devices, and combines these data with a map data and a meteorological data to generate an instant air quality map. When the cloud data processing device receives a current location data transmitted from the client device, an information is processed based on the instant air quality map and the current location data, so as to transmit the information including a motion direction, a designated route, an air quality information, an abnormal-air-quality notification or an evacuated route for the client device.

Disclosed is an apparatus for and a method of mass analysis in which a presence of an accessory substance which is difficult to be analyzed can be recognized visually and clearly. The apparatus for mass analysis analyzes a sample containing a substance to be measured and includes: a display unit; a memory unit storing a theoretical peak obtained by calculation with respect to a region of a mass spectrum of the substance; a matching degree calculation unit calculating a matching degree from multiple peaks that each of the mass spectrum of the sample in the region and the theoretical peak have; a matching degree displaying control unit displaying the matching degree on the display unit; and a superimposition displaying control unit displaying the mass spectrum of the sample and the theoretical peak in a superimposed way in a manner that is consistent with a mass-to-charge ratio.

A nanostructure sensing device comprises a semiconductor nanostructure having an outer surface, and at least one of metal or metal-oxide nanoparticle clusters functionalizing the outer surface of the nanostructure and forming a photoconductive nanostructure/nanocluster hybrid sensor enabling light-assisted sensing of a target analyte.

A nanostructure sensing device comprises a semiconductor nanostructure having an outer surface, and at least one of metal or metal-oxide nanoparticle clusters functionalizing the outer surface of the nanostructure and forming a photoconductive nanostructure/nanocluster hybrid sensor enabling light-assisted sensing of a target analyte.

Devices and methods of making and using the device for the non-invasive detection of volatile anesthetics are provided. The devices are capable of measuring the concentration of volatile anesthetics transdermally and in a non-invasive manner. The devices and methods can be applied in detection of volatile anesthetics in samples collected from human skin perspiration.

The techniques described herein provide sensing systems and methods that provide configurable sensitivity and extended dynamic range of gas measurements. The systems and methods apply dielectric excitation at two or more excitation frequencies to a sensing material via sensing electrodes. A linearity of the electrical signal is changed by changing the operation parameters of the gas sensing element of the sensor.

A nanostructure sensing device comprises a semiconductor nanostructure having an outer surface, and at least one of metal or metal-oxide nanoparticle clusters functionalizing the outer surface of the nanostructure and forming a photoconductive nanostructure/nanocluster hybrid sensor enabling light-assisted sensing of a target analyte.

A nanostructure sensing device comprises a semiconductor nanostructure having an outer surface, and at least one of metal or metal-oxide nanoparticle clusters functionalizing the outer surface of the nanostructure and forming a photoconductive nanostructure/nanocluster hybrid sensor enabling light-assisted sensing of a target analyte.