Cantilever probes are produced for use in a test apparatus of integrated electronic circuits. The probes are configured to contact corresponding terminals of the electronic circuits to be tested during a test operation. The probe bodies are formed of electrically conductive materials. On a lower portion of each probe body that, in use, is directed to the respective terminal to be contacted, an electrically conductive contact region is formed having a first hardness value equal to or greater than 300 HV; each contact region and the respective probe body form the corresponding probe.

A probe tip according to an embodiment of the disclosure may include: a first plating layer including a first metal; a second plating layer disposed on one surface of the first plating layer and including a second metal of a material different from that of the first metal; and a third plating layer disposed on one surface of the second plating layer and including the first metal, wherein each of the first plating layer, the second plating layer, and the third plating layer extends in a length direction of the probe tip, and wherein the first plating layer, the second plating layer, and the third plating layer are stacked in a thickness direction of the probe tip.

Embodiments are directed to the formation of buckling beam probe arrays having MEMS probes that are engaged with guide plates during formation or after formation of the probes while the probes are held in the array configuration in which they were formed. In other embodiments, probes may be formed in, or laterally aligned with, guide plate through holes. Guide plate engagement may occur by longitudinally locating guide plates on probes that are partially formed or fully formed with exposed ends, by forming probes within guide plate through holes, by forming guide plates around probes, or forming guide plates in lateral alignment with arrayed probes and then longitudinally engaging the probes and the through holes of the guide plates. Final arrays may include probes and a substrate to which the probes are bonded along with one or more guide plates while in other embodiments final arrays may include probes held by a plurality of guide plates (e.g. 2, 3, 4 or even more guide plates) with aligned or laterally shifted hole patterns.

Probe arrays include spacers attached to the probes that were formed along with the probes. Methods of making probe arrays by (1) forming probes on their sides and possibly as linear arrays or combination subarrays (e.g. as a number of side-to-side joined linear arrays) having probes fixed in array positions by a sacrificial material that is temporarily retained after formation of the probes; (2) assembling the probe units into full array configurations using the spacers attached to the probes or using alternative alignment structures to set the spacing and/or alignment of the probe(s) of one unit with another unit; and (3) fixing the probes in their configurations (e.g. bonding to a substrate and/or engaging the probes with one or more guide plates) wherein the spacers are retained or are removed, in whole or in part, prior to putting the array to use.

A testing head comprises a plurality of contact probes, and a guide having a plurality of guide holes for housing the contact probes and including a conductive portion. Each contact probe includes a first end region and a second end region, and a body which extends between the first and second end regions. Suitably, the conductive portion includes a group of the guide holes and electrically connects contact probes of a first group of the contact probes. The contact probes of the first group slide in the guide holes in the conductive portion and are adapted to carry a same signal, and each contact probe of a second group of the plurality of contact probes is surrounded by an insulating coating layer that extends along the body of each contact probe of the second group, thereby insulating the contact probes of the second group from the conductive portion.

A probe assembly, adapted to test high-speed signal transmission lines of printed circuit boards, includes two pogo pins for providing high-frequency differential test signals, and both sides of the pogo pin include no metal layer (grounding layer). Experiments have found that when the two pogo pins test a to-be-tested object, the test signal will be coupled to the metal layers on both sides of the pogo pins to generate a radiation resonance, resulting in a loss of the test signal on a specific frequency band, and further reducing the effective bandwidth of the probe assembly. The metal layers on both sides of the pogo pins of the probe assembly are reduced, so that the foregoing radiation resonance phenomenon can be avoided.

A cylindrical body is formed of a conductive member provided with a spiral spring portion. Further, the cylindrical body includes a Ni metal layer and a Ni—W alloy layer containing W, and an end portion of the Ni—W alloy layer protrudes to an outer side of the Ni metal layer.

An electrical connection device includes: a wiring board in which lands are arranged on a main surface; and probes. Each of the probes has a distal end portion that contacts an object to be measured and a proximal end portion that contacts the land. A material of a surface film of the proximal end portion, which contacts the land, is a metal material different in composition from a material of the land that contacts the surface film.

The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a measurement probe, the method comprising cutting a carrier substrate to form a probe contour, the probe contour comprising at least one probe tip and a probe body, and metallizing the surface of the at least one probe tip of the probe contour. Further, the present disclosure provides a respective measurement probe.

A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) probe for electric connection between a tested contact point of an object to be tested and a testing contact point of a test circuit. The MEMS probe includes: a first terminal contact portion; a second terminal contact portion movable close to and away from the first terminal contact portion; and an elastic connecting portion connecting the first terminal contact portion and the second terminal contact portion, elastically deformed by an approach of the second terminal contact portion and comprising a plurality of plating layers stacked in the elastic deformation direction. According to the present disclosure, the MEMS probe includes a plurality of plating layers stacked in the elastic deformation direction, thereby decreasing fatigue failure and improving durability.