Methods of operating a memory device include programming a page of a memory block of the memory device using a particular starting programming voltage, determining a programming voltage indicative of a programming efficiency of the page of the memory block during programming of the page of the memory block, storing a representation of the programming voltage indicative of the programming efficiency of the page of the memory block, setting a starting programming voltage for a different page of the memory block in response to the stored representation of the programming voltage indicative of the programming efficiency of the page of the memory block, and programming the different page of the memory block using its starting programming voltage.

Programming in a non-volatile memory device includes applying at least one programming pulse to a non-volatile memory cell during a first programming loop; applying at least one programming pulse to the non-volatile memory cell during a second programming loop succeeding the first programming loop; and providing a bitline bias voltage of the non-volatile memory cell according to a result of comparing a threshold voltage of the non-volatile memory cell in the first programming loop with a low verify level and/or a high verify level of a target data state of the non-volatile memory cell and a result of comparing a threshold voltage of the non-volatile memory cell in the second programming loop with the low verify level and/or the high verify level of the target data state of the non-volatile memory cell.

Programming in a non-volatile memory device includes applying at least one programming pulse to a non-volatile memory cell during a first programming loop; applying at least one programming pulse to the non-volatile memory cell during a second programming loop succeeding the first programming loop; and providing a bitline bias voltage of the non-volatile memory cell according to a result of comparing a threshold voltage of the non-volatile memory cell in the first programming loop with a low verify level and/or a high verify level of a target data state of the non-volatile memory cell and a result of comparing a threshold voltage of the non-volatile memory cell in the second programming loop with the low verify level and/or the high verify level of the target data state of the non-volatile memory cell.

A memory system includes a plurality of memory cells, and the memory cells are multiple-level cells. The memory system performs program operations to program the memory cells. After each program operation, at least one threshold voltage test is performed to determine if threshold voltages of the memory cells are greater than the verification voltage. When the threshold voltage of a first memory cell is determined to be greater than a first verification voltage, the first memory cell will be inhibited from being programmed during the next program operation. When the threshold voltage of a second memory cell is determined to newly become greater than a second verification voltage, where the second verification voltage is greater than the first verification voltage, the second memory cell will be programmed again during the next program operation.

An artificial neural network device that utilizes analog neuromorphic memory that comprises one or more non-volatile memory arrays. The embodiments comprise improved mechanisms and algorithms for tuning the non-volatile memory arrays such that the floating gates of the memory cells can be quickly and accurately injected with the desired amount of charge to signify an analog value utilized as a weight by the artificial neural network.

A nonvolatile memory device includes multiple memory cells including first memory cells and second memory cells. A method of programming the nonvolatile memory device includes: performing first programming to apply a programming forcing voltage to a bit line of each of the first memory cells; and dividing the second memory cells into a first cell group, a second cell group, and a third cell group, based on a threshold voltage of the second memory cells after performing the first programming. The method also includes performing second programming to apply a programming inhibition voltage to the bit line of each of the first memory cells and a bit line of each of memory cells of the first cell group. A level of the programming forcing voltage is lower than that of the programming inhibition voltage.

Systems and methods for read level tracking and optimization are described. Pages from a wordline of a flash memory device read and the raw page data read from the wordline may be buffered in a first set of buffers. The raw page data for each of the pages may be provided to a decoder for decoding and the decoded page data for each of the pages buffered in a second set of buffers. First bin identifiers may be identified for memory cells of the wordline based on the raw page data and second bin identifiers may be identified for the memory cells of the wordline based on the decoded page data. Cell-level statistics may be accumulated based on the first bin identifiers and the second bin identifiers, and a gradient may be determined for respective read levels based on decoding results for each of the pages and the cell-level statistics. Settings for the read levels may be configured in the flash memory device based on the determined gradients.

According to one embodiment, a semiconductor memory device includes the following configuration. A second word line is provided above a first word line on a substrate. A third word line is provided above the second word line. A semiconductor layer includes a first part that passes through the first word line, a second part that passes through the second and the third word lines, and is provided above the first part, and a joint provided between the first and second parts. When a write operation is performed on a memory cell of the third word line, prior to applying a write voltage to the third word line, a first voltage is applied to a bit line, a second voltage is applied to the third word line, and a third voltage higher than the second voltage is applied to the second word line.

A nonvolatile memory device is provided. A nonvolatile memory device comprises a word line, a bit line, a memory cell array including a first memory cell at an intersection region between the word line and the bit line, a word line voltage generating circuitry configured to generate a program voltage, the program voltage to be provided to the word line, a row decoder circuitry configured to receive the program voltage from the word line voltage generating circuitry and configured to provide the program voltage to the word line, a verification circuitry configured to generate a verification signal in response to verifying a success or a failure of programming of the first memory cell, and a control circuitry configured to apply the program voltage to the first memory cell in response to the verification signal, and configured to cut off the program voltage in response to the verification signal.

Methods of operating a memory device include programming a page of a memory block of the memory device using a particular starting programming voltage, determining a programming voltage indicative of a programming efficiency of the page of the memory block during programming of the page of the memory block, storing a representation of the programming voltage indicative of the programming efficiency of the page of the memory block, setting a starting programming voltage for a different page of the memory block in response to the stored representation of the programming voltage indicative of the programming efficiency of the page of the memory block, and programming the different page of the memory block using its starting programming voltage.