An optical laminate includes two optically anisotropic layers, an A-plate and a C-plate, in which the adhesiveness between the layers, the liquid crystal alignment of the C-plate, and the adhesiveness between the A-plate and a pressure-sensitive adhesive, are excellent. The optical laminate includes first and second optically anisotropic layers which are A-plate and C-plate formed of a first and second liquid crystal compound, respectively, and a mixed layer disposed between the layers, including components derived from the first and second liquid crystal compounds, and an optical alignment compound, in which a surface energy of the first optically anisotropic layer on a side opposite to the mixed layer is 25 mN/m or more, and where a component in a depth direction is analyzed with time-of-flight type secondary ion mass spectrometry while irradiating ion beams from a surface of the optical laminate on the first, toward the second, optically anisotropic layer.

A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a first alignment film formed over the first substrate, a second substrate, a second alignment film formed over the second substrate, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first alignment film and the second alignment film, and a projecting portion formed over the second substrate. The first film is a photo alignment film, and a thickness “d2” of the second alignment film over the projecting portion and a film thickness “d1” of a portion of the first alignment film facing the projecting portion satisfy formula (2),
d2<d1  (2).

A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a first alignment film formed over the first substrate, a second substrate, a second alignment film formed over the second substrate, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first alignment film and the second alignment film, and a projecting portion formed over the second substrate. The first alignment film is a photo alignment film ,and a thickness “d2” of the second alignment film over the projecting portion and a film thickness “d1” of a portion of the first alignment film facing the projecting portion satisfy formula (2),

d2<d1   (2).

Organic ligand-capped quantum dots and curable ink compositions containing the organic ligand-capped quantum dots are provided. Also provided are thin films formed from the ink compositions.

A liquid crystal apparatus includes a first pixel electrode in a display region, and a second pixel electrode and a circuit such as a scan line driving circuit outside the display region. A TFT provided corresponding to the second pixel electrode is separated from the circuit, and the second pixel electrode extends to the region that overlaps the circuit.

In a liquid crystal apparatus, a liquid crystal is provided in a cavity surrounded by a seal material between a first substrate and a second substrate, and the liquid crystal is aligned in a diagonal direction formed by corners 10a1, 10a3. Between a pixel area and the seal material, a first groove is formed along a side 20a6 from the corner 10a1 toward a corner 10a2. When a first pump is driven, the liquid crystal of the pixel area is drawn from a first end of the first groove on the corner 10a1 side, and the liquid crystal is ejected from a second end into the pixel area. As a result, a liquid crystal flow from the side of a side 20a7 toward the side of a side 20a9 occurs in the pixel area, and thus the liquid crystal can be smoothly circulated.

A liquid crystal device includes: an element substrate; a counter substrate disposed opposite to the element substrate; a sealing material disposed between the element substrate and the counter substrate; and a liquid crystal layer disposed on an inner side of the sealing material and containing liquid crystal. The element substrate includes an alignment film configured to align the liquid crystal and an ion-adsorbing first adsorption film disposed in contact with the sealing material. The alignment film includes a first vapor-deposited film and a second vapor-deposited film disposed between the first vapor-deposited film and the liquid crystal layer. The second vapor-deposited film and the first adsorption film include a column of which a long axis direction intersects a thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer. A thickness of the first adsorption film is thicker than a thickness of the second vapor-deposited film.

An electro-optical liquid crystal cell comprising a first substrate, a first layer of chromium (Cr), a first layer of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VA-CNT) capped with nickel nanoparticles, and a layer of liquid crystal. Furthermore, the electro-optical liquid crystal cell can comprise a second layer of VA-CNT capped with nickel nanoparticles, a second layer of Cr, and a second substrate. This electro-optic VA-CNT-based liquid crystal cell exhibits the required electro-optic effect needed for a liquid crystal display.

The present invention relates to a polymer having excellent liquid crystal alignment and electrical properties and thus is suitable for use as a liquid crystal alignment agent, a liquid crystal alignment agent containing the same, a liquid crystal aligning film formed from the liquid crystal alignment agent, and a liquid crystal display device containing the liquid crystal aligning film.

The present disclosure relates to a liquid crystal alignment agent composition including: a polymer for liquid crystal alignment agent and a crosslinker compound in which a terminal crosslinking functional group is capped with a silicon-containing thermally removable protecting group, wherein a change in the number of particles during storage is lower than a certain level, a method for preparing a liquid crystal alignment film using the liquid crystal alignment agent composition, and a liquid crystal alignment film and a liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal alignment agent film.