The invention concerns a method for tuning at a targeted resonance wavelength at least one micro and/or nanophotonic resonator, the resonator having dimensions defining resonance wavelength of said resonator, the resonator being immersed in a fluid containing ions so that the resonator is surrounded by said fluid, wherein the method comprises a step of injecting light, having a light wavelength equal to the resonance wavelength, into the resonator, so that the injected light resonates within the resonator and triggers a photo-electrochemical etching process enabled by the surrounding fluid containing ions, said etching process being enhanced by the optical resonance which amplifies light intensity in the photonic resonator, the etching decreasing dimensions of the photonic resonator, hereby lowering and tuning the resonance wavelength of the photonic resonator.

An optoelectronic component including an optical waveguide integrated into a plane of the component. The optical waveguide configured to guide optical radiation in the plane. The component including a coupling element connected to the waveguide and coupling optical radiation into the waveguide along the main coupling path. The degree of coupling efficiency of the coupling element is less than one in respect to the main coupling path. The coupling element outputs optical loss radiation along a secondary coupling path. The optical loss radiation is proportional to the radiation transferred along the main coupling path. The optoelectronic component includes a detector connected to the coupling element that registers the optical loss radiation and produces a detector signal. The optoelectronic component includes a control unit configured to influence at least one operating variable of the optoelectronic component based on the detector signal.

Provided are: an optical waveguide that relatively easily expands a spot size and that can suppress an increase in optical coupling loss with another optical waveguide element; and an optical component and variable-wavelength laser that use the optical waveguide. The optical waveguide is provided with: a cladding member; and a core layer that is disposed within the cladding member and that is formed as an elongated body having a rectangular cross-sectional shape from a material having a higher refractive index than the material configuring the cladding member. Here, the cross-sectional shape of the core layer is characterized in having a rectangular shape in which the length in the lateral direction is at least 10 times the length in the vertical direction.

An optical resonator system is provided. The optical resonator comprises a ring resonator portion; wherein the ring resonator portion is configured to be proximate to an optical waveguide, and to receive a first single mode, optical signal from the optical waveguide; a disc resonator portion adiabatically coupled to the ring resonator portion; and wherein the disc resonator portion is configured to receive a second single mode, optical signal through the adiabatic coupling with ring resonator portion.

In one exemplary embodiment, an apparatus can be provided which includes at least one biological medium that causes gain. According to another exemplary embodiment, an arrangement can be provided which is configured to be provided in an anatomical structure. This exemplary arrangement can include at least one emitter having a cross-sectional area of at most 10 microns within the anatomical structure, and which is configured to generate at least one laser radiation. In a further exemplary embodiment, an apparatus can be provided which can include at least one medium which is configured to cause gain; and at least one optical biological resonator which is configured to provide an optical feedback to the medium. In still another exemplary embodiment, a process can be whereas, a solution of an optical medium can be applied to a substrate. Further, it is possible to generate a wave guide having a shape that is defined by (i) at least one property of the solution of the optical medium, or (ii) drying properties thereof.

An optical diode (1) comprising an optical wave guide for guiding light, preferably of a light mode, with a vacuum wavelength .sub.0, wherein the optical wave guide has a wave guide core (2, 3, 14) with a first index of refraction (n.sub.1), and the wave guide core (2, 3, 14) is surrounded by at least one second optical medium which has at least one second index of refraction (n2), wherein n.sub.1>n.sub.2 applies, wherein the wave guide core (2, 3, 14) has at least in sections a smallest lateral dimension (7) which is a smallest dimension of a cross section (6) perpendicular to a propagation direction (5) of the light in the wave guide core (2, 3, 14), wherein the smallest lateral dimension (7) is greater than or equal to .sub.0/(5*n.sub.1) and less than or equal to 20*.sub.0/n.sub.1, wherein the optical diode (1) additionally comprises at least one absorber element (10, 11, 15, 16) which is arranged in a near field, wherein the near field consists of the electromagnetic field of the light of the vacuum wavelength .sub.0 in the wave guide core (2, 3, 14) and outside of the wave guide core (2, 3, 14) up to a standard interval (12) of 5*.sub.0, wherein the standard interval (12) is measured starting from one surface (8) of the wave guide core (2, 3, 14) forming an optical interface and in a direction perpendicular to the surface (8). The invention provides that the at least one absorber element (10, 11, 15, 16) for the light of the vacuum wavelength .sub.0 has a strongly different absorption for left circular polarization (.sup.) and for right circular polarization (.sup.+).

A photonic integrated chip device having a common optical edge interface is provided and specifically a device comprising: a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) chip comprising: an optical circuit; and an electrical interface configured to receive electrical signals for controlling the optical circuit; and, a common optical interface side of the PIC chip comprising: at least one input configured to receive light into the PIC chip to the optical circuit; and at least one output configured to convey at least one optical signal from the optical circuit out of the PIC chip, the electrical interface located on one or more electrical interface sides of the PIC chip different from the common optical interface side.

Transducers and methods of making the same include a substrate having a cavity with a diameter that supports whispering gallery modes at a frequency of an input signal. A focusing structure in the cavity focuses the electric field of the input signal. A resonator directly under the focusing structure has a crystalline structure that generates an electro-optic effect when exposed to electrical fields. An electric field of the input signal modulates an output signal in the resonator via the electro-optic effect.

An optical system can automatically lock an adjustable spectral filter to a first wavelength of an incoming light signal, and can automatically filter an additional incoming light signal at the first wavelength. A tunable filter can have a filtering spectrum with an adjustable peak wavelength and increasing attenuation at wavelengths away from the adjustable peak wavelength. The tunable filter can receive first input light, having a first wavelength, and can spectrally filter the first input light to form first output light. A detector can detect at least a fraction of the first output light. Circuitry coupled to the detector and the tunable filter can tune the tunable filter to maximize a signal from the detector and thereby adjust the peak wavelength to match the first wavelength. The tunable filter further can receive second input light and spectrally filter the second input light at the first wavelength.

A passive mode-locked laser method and system, the system comprising a nonlinear optical loop comprising a resonant nonlinear element, coupled to an amplification section by a beam splitter, the beam splitter splitting a light beam from the amplification section into light beams propagating in opposite directions around the nonlinear optical loop, the resonant nonlinear element acting as both a nonlinear element and a narrow bandwidth filter for the laser system, allowing mode-locking operation of the system on a single resonance of the resonant nonlinear element.