A liquid crystal display comprises a backlight module comprising a reflective polarizing film, a light control film and a liquid crystal panel disposed between the backlight module and the light control film. The light control film comprises a light input surface and a light output surface opposite the light input surface and alternating transmissive and absorptive regions disposed between the light input surface and the light output surface. The absorptive regions have an aspect ratio of at least 30.

An illumination unit includes a plurality of sets of illumination modules each having a light source placed at a conjugate position and a plurality of stages of condenser lenses that collect light from the light source toward a display device, a magnifying optical system being between the conjugate position and a viewing area. Each illumination module set includes an initial stage lens closest to the light source and a final stage lens farthest from the light source. In a surrounding illumination module of the illumination module sets, principal points of all stages of condenser lenses are positioned on a surrounding principal ray that passes through a periphery of an angle of view center of the display device to reach the viewing area, and the light source is positioned on the surrounding principal ray by being offset from a light axis of the initial stage lens in the reference direction.

A lighting device includes LEDs 17, a light guide plate 19 including an edge surface and a pair of plate surfaces, a light reflection sheet 40, and a wavelength conversion sheet 50. A part of the edge surface is a light entrance surface 19B through which light from the LEDs 17 enters, and the pair of plate surfaces are light exit surfaces 19A, 19C through which the light exits. The light guide plate 19 includes second prism portions 65 formed on the light exit surface 19A and configured to collect light in a direction of a normal line of the light exit surface 19A. The light reflection sheet 40 is disposed to cover the light exit surface 19C reflects the light in a direction toward the light guide plate 19. The wavelength conversion sheet 50 is disposed between the light guide plate 19 and the light reflection sheet 40 and converts a wavelength of light transmitting therethrough.

A light deflection diffusion sheet, a stacked light deflection diffusion sheet, and a stacked optical sheet that are used in a liquid crystal panel are disclosed. A liquid crystal display (LCD) device include a liquid crystal panel having a length direction and a width direction; a surface light emitting module; a base sheet disposed between the liquid crystal panel and the surface light emitting module; a light diffusion layer disposed on a surface of the base sheet facing the surface light emitting module and diffusing light incident from the surface light emitting module; and a light deflection layer disposed on a surface of the base sheet facing the liquid crystal panel and controlling a travel direction of the light.

Three-dimensional objects are formed by photo-curing a liquid polymer by exposure to a radiation in a space between a sheet transparent to the radiation and a supporting plate. On a side of the sheet facing towards the photo-curing liquid polymer, a membrane is arranged. The membrane is transparent to the radiation and covered by a layer of liquid lubricant. The membrane is displaceable with respect to an area in which said liquid polymer is undergoing curing by exposure to the radiation, which radiation (e.g., at 410 nm) may be provided by a collimated light source composed of an array of light emitting diode (LED) sources, an array of baffles, and an array of lenses. The baffles limit beam widths of each individual LED source in the array of LED, and the array of lenses is located one focal length from said array of LED sources.

A liquid crystal display device includes a backlight unit and a liquid crystal display panel disposed on the backlight unit, wherein the backlight unit includes a light source unit and a plurality of optical sheets, wherein an optical sheet closest to the liquid crystal display panel among the plurality of optical sheets is a polarizing optical sheet and includes a base film and an optical pattern disposed on a surface of the base film, wherein at least one of the base film and the optical pattern includes an aligned organic fluorescent material.

An electronic device, including a substrate, multiple light emitting elements, an optical switching unit, and multiple micro lenses, is provided. The light emitting elements are disposed on the substrate. The optical switching unit is disposed on the light emitting elements. The micro lenses are disposed on the light emitting elements and overlap with the optical switching unit. At least one of the light emitting elements is disposed corresponding to one of the micro lenses.

A planar light source includes a mounting substrate, a plurality of light sources, a partition member, a frame body, a wavelength conversion member, and a light diffusion plate. The light sources are arranged two-dimensionally on the mounting substrate in a plan view. The partition member includes a wall portion surrounding each of the light sources except for outermost ones of the light sources in the plan view. The wall portions are located inward of the outermost ones of the light sources. The frame body has a bottom portion and a lateral wall surrounding the mounting substrate. The wavelength conversion member is disposed on the lateral wall of the frame body. The light diffusion plate is disposed above the plurality of light sources and the wavelength conversion member.

A light source device comprises a diffuser plate and a light source module disposed behind the diffuser plate. The light source module includes a substrate, a plurality of light emitting diodes mounted on the substrate, and a plurality of reflective layers each provided on a front surface of the plurality of light emitting diodes. When a distance between the centers of each of the plurality of light emitting diodes is referred to as a pitch, and a distance between the diffuser plate and the substrate is referred to as an optical distance, a ratio of the pitch to the optical distance satisfies the following expression: 2.5≤pitch/optical distance≤4.5.

A light-emitting unit includes a plurality of lenses; and two or more light-emitting devices covered by each of the lenses, and the two or more light-emitting devices covered by one lens of the lenses are electrically separated from each other.