A bonding washer for making electrical connection between two metal pieces that are to be mechanically fastened together. The washer, to be interposed between the two metal pieces, may be constructed so as to fasten to one of the pieces before the two pieces are joined. Teeth on the washer, positioned at right angles to the plane of the washer, are forced into each of the two metal pieces when the fastener is tightened, making electrical connection between the two metal pieces.

A silver powder, including: an organic substance on a surface of the silver powder, the organic substance containing at least one carboxyl group and at least one hydroxyl group in one molecule of the organic substance, wherein a ratio of (Casson yield value/BET specific surface area) is 500 or less, where the Casson yield value is a Casson yield value of a conductive paste and the BET specific surface area is a BET specific surface area of the silver powder, where the conductive paste has a composition in which the silver powder is 86% by mass, a glass fit is 1% by mass, ethyl cellulose is 0.6% by mass, texanol is 10.5% by mass, and zinc oxide is 1.9% by mass, and the conductive paste is prepared by kneading the composition with a planetary centrifugal stirrer and bubble remover and dispersing with a triple roll mill.

A tinsel wire structure and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The tinsel wire structure has a core, a conductive layer and a metal cladding layer. The core has an outer surface and defines a length direction. The conductive layer is spirally wound along the length direction on the outer surface of the core. The metal cladding layer is provided on the periphery of the conductive layer to cover the core and the conductive layer. The conductive layer is spirally wound on the outer surface of the core in a non-overlapping manner to define a gap so that the gap is spirally wound on the outer surface of the core in a non-overlapping manner. When the metal cladding layer covers the core and the conductive layer, the metal cladding layer covers the gap at the same time.

A conductive film that includes: particles of a layered material including one or more layers, wherein each of the one or more layers includes a layer body represented by: M.sub.mX.sub.n, wherein M is at least one metal of Group 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, X is a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, or a combination thereof, n is 1 to 4, m is greater than n and 5 or less, a modification or termination T is present on a surface of the layer body, where the T is at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, an oxygen atom, or a hydrogen atom; and a phosphorus atom in an amount of 0.001% by mass to less than 0.09% by mass.

A composite structure comprises a copper layer having a thickness of no larger than 25 ?m, and first and second graphene layers sandwiching the copper layer.

A semi-finished product for electrical engineering is described, which is a composite of an aluminum sheet and a copper sheet. According to this disclosure, the semi-finished product bears an acrylate-based protective layer, which has been applied as a lacquer, which contains at least one photoinitiator and has been cured under the effect of light to form acrylate polymer, preferably acrylate copolymer. This disclosure also relates to an unfinished product produced from such a semi-finished product. A method for producing such a semi-finished product is also described.

A bonding washer for making electrical connection between two metal pieces that are to be mechanically fastened together. The washer, to be interposed between the two metal pieces, may be constructed so as to fasten to one of the pieces before the two pieces are joined. Teeth on the washer, positioned at right angles to the plane of the washer, are forced into each of the two metal pieces when the fastener is tightened, making electrical connection between the two metal pieces.

An anode terminal is provided for use high voltage applications that also serves as a shield, and which reduces the overall size of the anode terminal and an enclosure containing the anode terminal. The anode terminal includes a toroid and the maximum radius of curvature that is required to provide an optimal field enhancement reduction is reserved for the section of the toroid that is closest to ground, including the walls of the enclosure. The toroid of the anode terminal has variable radii of curvature along its outer surface and is asymmetrical.

A bonding washer for making electrical connection between two metal pieces that are to be mechanically fastened together. The washer, to be interposed between the two metal pieces, may be constructed so as to fasten to one of the pieces before the two pieces are joined. Teeth on the washer, positioned at right angles to the plane of the washer, are forced into each of the two metal pieces when the fastener is tightened, making electrical connection between the two metal pieces.

A timber access mat having an electrical grounding feature includes an electrically conductive cover layer that is removably carried over the top of the body of the timber access mat. The electrically conductive cover layer can be formed from one or more sheets of expanded metal such as expanded steel. The layer is joined to a perimeter frame that includes offset connector tabs that allow mats to be positioned side-by-side. The connector tabs are paired with cable guides to protect the cable leads that connect the mats. The perimeter frame and conductive cover layer can be added to traditional timber access mats when electrical grounding is required and then removed and stored when not required.