An electrically conductive member of the present disclosure includes a base member containing chromium (Cr), and a first layer provided on a surface of the base member and containing chromium(III) oxide (Cr.sub.2O.sub.3). The first layer also contains titanium (Ti).

A busbar configured to facilitate electrical connection of multiple battery cells in a manner that further supports functions such as mounting, cell level fusing, layer level fusing, and cooling channels.

A tempering process for tempering an aluminum alloy coil includes a first reel-to-reel process including an anneal to solutionize the aluminum alloy followed by a quench, a second reel-to-reel process comprising rolling reduction, and a hardening anneal performed on the aluminum alloy coil. Cladding may be performed during the second reel-to-reel process; or a subsequent reel-to-reel electroplating process may be performed including an alkaline soak clean, an alkaline microetch and seed electroplating, and aqueous electroplating of a contact metal onto the seed electroplating. Electrical interconnect components may be stamped from the tempered and clad or electroplated aluminum alloy coil. The electrical interconnect components may, for example, be connectors, lead frames, or bus bars.

A grounding element is provided. The grounding element includes a first portion including a first metal; a second portion including a second metal other than the first metal; and a fastening portion configured to receive a fastener to attach the grounding element to a body. The grounding element may be welded to a body of a vehicle and used to ground a vehicle electrical system.

A grounding element is provided. The grounding element includes a first portion including a first metal; a second portion including a second metal other than the first metal; and a fastening portion configured to receive a fastener to attach the grounding element to a body. The grounding element may be welded to a body of a vehicle and used to ground a vehicle electrical system.

A copper alloy sheet or strip for a lead frame of LED includes specific amounts of Fe, P, Zn, and Sn with the remainder being Cu and unavoidable impurities. A surface roughness thereof is less than 0.06 μm in terms of arithmetic average roughness Ra and is less than 0.5 μm in terms of ten-point average roughness Rz.sub.JIS. The number of groove-shaped recesses present on the surface, each having a length of 5 μm or more and a depth of 0.25 μm or more, is 2 or less in a range of a square of 200 μm×200 μm with a pair of its sides running in transverse to a rolling direction. A thickness of a work affected layer formed of fine grains on the surface is 0.5 μm or less.

A copper alloy sheet or strip for a lead frame of LED includes specific amounts of Fe, P, Zn, and Sn with the remainder being Cu and unavoidable impurities. A surface roughness thereof is less than 0.06 μm in terms of arithmetic average roughness Ra and is less than 0.5 μm in terms of ten-point average roughness Rz.sub.JIS. The number of groove-shaped recesses present on the surface, each having a length of 5 μm or more and a depth of 0.25 μm or more, is 2 or less in a range of a square of 200 μm×200 μm with a pair of its sides running in transverse to a rolling direction. A thickness of a work affected layer formed of fine grains on the surface is 0.5 μm or less.

A pyrotechnic circuit breaker (1), comprising a body (2), an igniter (4), a piston (5) and a bus bar (6), wherein the igniter (4), the piston (5) and the bus bar (6) are adapted to be accommodated within the body (2), and wherein the piston (5) comprises a cutting edge (51) and is adapted move along a normal direction (Z-Z) to cut a portion (61) of the bus bar (6), thereby separating the bus bar (6) into a proximal portion and a distal portion in order to break a circuit,

wherein the cutting edge (51) of the piston (5) is stepped so that the portion of the bus bar (6) is cut sequentially, in at least two successive cutting operations along the movement of the piston (5) from a raised position to a lowered position,

characterized in that the bus blade (6) comprises a breakable portion (61) configured to be cut by the cutting edge (51) of the piston (5), wherein said breakable portion (61) comprises slots (62) in order to divide the breakable portion (61) into multiple sub-portions (61a, 61b, 61c) that are adapted to be cut sequentially by the stepped cutting edge (51) of the piston (5).

A pyrotechnic circuit breaker (1), comprising a body (2), an igniter (4), a piston (5) and a bus bar (6), wherein the igniter (4), the piston (5) and the bus bar (6) are adapted to be accommodated within the body (2), and wherein the piston (5) comprises a cutting edge (51) and is adapted move along a normal direction (Z-Z) to cut a portion (61) of the bus bar (6), thereby separating the bus bar (6) into a proximal portion and a distal portion in order to break a circuit,

wherein the cutting edge (51) of the piston (5) is stepped so that the portion of the bus bar (6) is cut sequentially, in at least two successive cutting operations along the movement of the piston (5) from a raised position to a lowered position,

characterized in that the bus blade (6) comprises a breakable portion (61) configured to be cut by the cutting edge (51) of the piston (5), wherein said breakable portion (61) comprises slots (62) in order to divide the breakable portion (61) into multiple sub-portions (61a, 61b, 61c) that are adapted to be cut sequentially by the stepped cutting edge (51) of the piston (5).

An aluminum alloy wire rod includes Mg: 0.1-1.0 mass %, Si: 0.1-1.2 mass %, Fe: 0.10-1.40 mass %, Ti: 0-0.100 mass %, B: 0-0.030 mass %, Cu: 0-1.00 mass %, Ag: 0-0.50 mass %, Au: 0-0.50 mass %, Mn: 0-1.00 mass %, Cr: 0-1.00 mass %, Zr: 0-0.50 mass %, Hf: 0-0.50 mass %, V: 0-0.50 mass %, Sc: 0-0.50 mass %, Co: 0-0.50 mass %, Ni: 0-0.50 mass %, and the balance: Al and inevitable impurities. In a cross section parallel to a wire rod lengthwise direction and including a center line of the wire rod, no void having an area greater than 20 μm.sup.2 is present, or even in a case where at least one void having an area greater than 20 μm.sup.2 is present, a presence ratio of the at least one void per 1000 μm.sup.2 is on average in a range of less than or equal to one void/1000 μm.sup.2.