An electrical system, and, more particularly, to an electrical system for an aircraft comprising one or more energy sinks and a hybrid energy storage system. The hybrid energy storage system may comprise one or more primary energy sources, a secondary energy source, and a secondary energy source control unit. The one or more primary energy sources may be coupled to and supply power to the one or more energy sinks. The secondary energy source may be coupled to the one or more primary energy sources and adapted to supply power at a variable output voltage to the one or more primary energy sources.

A solid electrolytic capacitor containing a capacitor element is provided. The capacitor element contains a sintered porous anode body, a dielectric that overlies the anode body, a solid electrolyte that overlies the dielectric, wherein the solid electrolyte includes a conductive polymer layer, and a moisture barrier that overlies the conductive polymer layer.

An electrolytic capacitor includes an anode body having a dielectric layer; a solid electrolyte layer in contact with the dielectric layer of the anode body; and an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution contains a solvent and a solute. The solvent contains a glycol compound. The solute contains an acid component and a base component. A mass of the acid component in the solute is greater than a mass of the base component in the solute. The acid component contains a first aromatic compound having a hydroxyl group.

A device for depassivation of an energy storage device having an anode, a cathode and a core with an electrolyte, the device including: a first switch configured to provide a positive input voltage to the anode; a second switch configured to provide a negative input voltage to the anode; and a controller configured to: detect that a first predetermined event related to a buildup of passivation has occurred with regard to the energy storage device; switch between a positive input voltage and a negative input voltage provided to the anode at a frequency sufficient to depassivate the anode; discontinue the switching when a second predetermined event related to passivation has occurred.

A three-dimensional electrode array for use in electrochemical cells, fuel cells, capacitors, supercapacitors, flow batteries, metal-air batteries and semi-solid batteries.

The present invention relates to a string lamp. The string lamp includes a bulb, a lamp holder, a hollow connecting base and a capacitor embedded in the connecting base in a separable mode. A lower part of the bulb is contained in the lamp holder. At least two lamp pins extend out from wire holes formed in the lower part of the lamp holder. The inner side wall of the connecting base is provided with at least two separately arranged conductive pieces, and the conductive pieces are electrically contacted with the corresponding lamp pins. The capacitor is arranged below the lamp holder, and connecting pins of the capacitor are electrically contacted with the corresponding conductive pieces as well. The string lamp of the present invention is compact in structure, and the capacitor and the lamp holder are convenient to maintain and replace.

First and second circuits, a photocoupler and a substrate temperature monitor circuit are formed on a substrate. A photocoupler includes a primary-side light emitting diode that converts an electric signal received from the first circuit into an optical signal, and a light receiving device that converts the optical signal into an electric signal and outputs the electric signal to the second circuit. The substrate temperature monitor circuit reads a Vf voltage value of the primary-side light emitting diode of the photocoupler to monitor temperature of the substrate.

In an embodiment, an electronic component fuse 10 includes: (1) an insulator sleeve 11 having a hollow part 11a that opens to the exterior at both ends; (2) a conductor element 12 having a fusible part 12a whose cross-section is smaller than the cross-section of the hollow part 11a, a first engagement part 12b provided at one end of the fusible part 12a, and a second engagement part 12c provided at the other end of the fusible part 12a, where the fusible part 12a is positioned in the hollow part 11a, the first engagement part 12b and the second engagement part 12c are disposed on the respective ends of the insulator sleeve 11; (3) a first terminal 13 having a first connection part 13a connected to the first engagement part 12b; and (4) a second terminal 14 having a second connection part 14a connected to the second engagement part 12c.

A capacitor module includes at least one capacitor element (101) and a cooling structure (103) for cooling the capacitor element. The electrical terminals (102a, 102b) of the capacitor element are mechanically connected to the cooling structure to be in heat-conductive relations with the cooling structure so that at least one of the electrical terminals of the capacitor element is mechanically connected to the cooling structure via a flexible connection element (104a, 104b) made of electrically conductive material. The flexible connection element allows the corresponding electrical terminal to move with respect to the cooling structure when the distance (D) between the electrical terminals is changing because of changes in load and/or temperature, and/or because of ageing.

An ultracapacitor that is in contact with a hot atmosphere having a temperature of about 80° C. or more is provided. The ultracapacitor contains a first electrode, second electrode, separator, nonaqueous electrolyte, and housing is provided. The first electrode comprises a first current collector electrically coupled to a first carbonaceous coating and the second electrode comprises a second current collector electrically coupled to a second carbonaceous coating. The capacitor exhibits a capacitance value within the hot atmosphere of about 6 Farads per cubic centimeter or more as determined at a frequency of 120 Hz and without an applied voltage.