Provided herein are devices comprising one or more cells, and methods for fabrication thereof. The devices may be electrochemical devices. The devices may include three-dimensional supercapacitors. The devices may be microdevices such as, for example, microsupercapacitors. In some embodiments, the devices are three-dimensional hybrid microsupercapacitors. The devices may be configured for high voltage applications. In some embodiments, the devices are high voltage microsupercapacitors. In certain embodiments, the devices are high voltage asymmetric microsupercapacitors. In some embodiments, the devices are integrated microsupercapacitors for high voltage applications.

Provided herein are devices comprising one or more cells, and methods for fabrication thereof. The devices may be electrochemical devices. The devices may include three-dimensional supercapacitors. The devices may be microdevices such as, for example, microsupercapacitors. In some embodiments, the devices are three-dimensional hybrid microsupercapacitors. The devices may be configured for high voltage applications. In some embodiments, the devices are high voltage microsupercapacitors. In certain embodiments, the devices are high voltage asymmetric microsupercapacitors. In some embodiments, the devices are integrated microsupercapacitors for high voltage applications.

An electrochemical device includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and separators which are stacked and wound together, and electrolytic solution. A negative-electrode terminal is provided which is made of metal, and has a joining part which is a part joined to the principal face of the negative-electrode collector. The negative electrode has a first width, the positive electrode has a second width, which is smaller than the first width, and the separators have a third width, which is greater than the first width, along the direction parallel with the center axis of winding. The length of the joining part along the direction parallel with the center axis of winding is equal to or greater than the second width, but equal to or smaller than the third width.

A super capacitor module for a vehicle with a high voltage power source includes a super capacitor, high power control electronics for controlling and actuating charging of the super capacitor, a high-powered DC-DC converter connected to super capacitor and adapted to be connected to a low voltage power supply system, a voltage comparison circuit connected to the super capacitor and adapted to be connected to a low voltage power source, the super capacitor module being adapted to be connected to at least one electric control units (ECC) for a vehicle and/or a starter motor for a vehicle.

A super capacitor module for a vehicle with a high voltage power source includes a super capacitor, high power control electronics for controlling and actuating charging of the super capacitor, a high-powered DC-DC converter connected to super capacitor and adapted to be connected to a low voltage power supply system, a voltage comparison circuit connected to the super capacitor and adapted to be connected to a low voltage power source, the super capacitor module being adapted to be connected to at least one electric control units (ECC) for a vehicle and/or a starter motor for a vehicle.

Compositions and methods related to conducting polymeric compositions that can be used for the storage of electrical energy are generally provided. In some embodiments, the composition comprises redox active polymers comprising an electrophilic nitrogen containing heterocycle and an electron rich aromatic compound. In some embodiments, the composition comprises a triazine-based polymer. The electroactive polymers may be formed, in some cases, by polymerizing an electrophilic nitrogen containing heterocycle-based unit with an electron rich aromatic compound in the presence of heat and an acid-based catalyst. The resulting electroactive polymers may be suitable as polymer films for use as electrodes in energy storage devices. The polymer films disposed as electrodes can improve the energy density of such devices.

A capacitor-assisted, solid-state lithium-ion battery is formed by replacing at least one of the electrodes of the battery with a capacitor electrode of suitable particulate composition for the replaced battery particulate anode or cathode material. The solid-state electrodes typically contain solid-state electrode material and are separated with solid-state electrode material. In another embodiment the capacitor anode or cathode particles may be mixed with lithium-ion battery anode or cathode particles respectively. Preferably, the battery comprises at least two positively-charged electrodes and two negatively-charged electrodes, and the location and compositions of the capacitor material electrode(s) may be selected to provide a desired combination of energy and power.

A method for manufacturing an electrochemical device includes the following steps: a step of preparing a positive electrode, the positive electrode including a first current collector and a positive electrode layer containing a conductive polymer; a step of preparing a negative electrode, the negative electrode including a second current collector and a negative electrode layer; and a step of sealing the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution in an exterior body. The step of preparing the positive electrode includes a step of holding the positive electrode in depressurized atmosphere and then introducing gas containing CO.sub.2 as a primary component into the depressurized atmosphere.

A method for manufacturing an electrochemical device includes the following steps: a step of preparing a positive electrode, the positive electrode including a first current collector and a positive electrode layer containing a conductive polymer; a step of preparing a negative electrode, the negative electrode including a second current collector and a negative electrode layer; and a step of sealing the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution in an exterior body. The step of preparing the positive electrode includes a step of holding the positive electrode in depressurized atmosphere and then introducing gas containing CO.sub.2 as a primary component into the depressurized atmosphere.

With the measures described herein, a structural composite laminate is provided that includes a structural fuel cell, a structural supercondensator and a structural battery. Each of these components is configured in a self-supporting manner, such that aircraft parts, like exterior panels, may be manufactured from the laminate. The aircraft parts are capable of generating electrical energy by means of the structural fuel cell and distribute the electrical energy over the whole aircraft without cabling. Furthermore, short power demand peaks can be absorbed by the structural supercondensator, whereas the basic load is supplied by the structural battery.