An apparatus and method for preventing the contamination of sensitive accelerator surfaces and preventing deterioration of the accelerator field emission in a linear accelerator. The method includes providing a nanofilter at the inlet of the getter ion pumps connected to the beam line of the linear accelerator. The method includes providing a break in the inlet line, inserting a conflat flange at the break, and sandwiching the nanofilter between the two halves of the conflat flange. The nanofilter includes a maximum pore size of 3 nanometers, thereby preventing contaminants greater than 3 nanometers from flowing from the getter ion pump back to the accelerator system.

An apparatus and method for preventing the contamination of sensitive accelerator surfaces and preventing deterioration of the accelerator field emission in a linear accelerator. The method includes providing a nanofilter at the inlet of the getter ion pumps connected to the beam line of the linear accelerator. The method includes providing a break in the inlet line, inserting a conflat flange at the break, and sandwiching the nanofilter between the two halves of the conflat flange. The nanofilter includes a maximum pore size of 3 nanometers, thereby preventing contaminants greater than 3 nanometers from flowing from the getter ion pump back to the accelerator system.

Polarized white light emitting devices are provided that have a substrate coated with a film of boron chains embedded in carbon nanotubes. An orientation of magnets adjacent the device polarizes and intensifies the light. Methods of making the devices, and methods of producing polarized white light are also provided.

A device for ionization of a fluid includes a container and a first pair of electrodes arranged in the container opposite each other and at a distance from each other, wherein the container is adapted for conveying the fluid in a gaseous state in a fluid flow past the first pair of electrodes, wherein the device further includes a power supply adapted to charge the first pair of electrodes such that electric discharges take place from the electrodes for the ionization of the fluid, wherein the device further includes a magnetic field generating arrangement including a plurality of magnets circumferentially spaced around the container by a support structure which is adapted for generating a magnetic field in the vicinity of the first pair of electrodes for affecting the discharges for supporting the ionization of the fluid.

A device for ionization of a fluid includes a container and a first pair of electrodes arranged in the container opposite each other and at a distance from each other, wherein the container is adapted for conveying the fluid in a gaseous state in a fluid flow past the first pair of electrodes, wherein the device further includes a power supply adapted to charge the first pair of electrodes such that electric discharges take place from the electrodes for the ionization of the fluid, wherein the device further includes a magnetic field generating arrangement including a plurality of magnets circumferentially spaced around the container by a support structure which is adapted for generating a magnetic field in the vicinity of the first pair of electrodes for affecting the discharges for supporting the ionization of the fluid.