A narrow thermal neutron detector includes a slidably receivable ionization thermal neutron detector module within an overall housing body. An active sheet layer of the ionization thermal neutron detector module can be tensioned across its width. The ionization thermal neutron detector module can include module upper major surface extents and module lower surface extents such that, when installed within the housing body, the module upper major surface extents are in a first spaced apart confronting relationship with housing upper major surface extents to define a first clearance and module lower major surface extents are in a second spaced apart confronting relationship with housing lower major surface extents to define a second clearance to accommodate housing flexing due to ambient pressure change. The housing body can be formed with a single opening for receiving the ionization thermal neutron detection module or with opposing first and second opposing end openings.

A detector assembly includes a hollow body in which a printed circuit board, a resistive plate, a drilled board, a drift volume, and a cathode are disposed. A surface of the printed circuit board exposed to the resistive plate includes printed circuit lines for measuring first and second coordinates of a charge event. The hollow body can include a sealable opening to remove contaminants outgassed from one or more components of the detector assembly and to fill the hollow body with an operational gas. The sealable opening can be fluidly coupled to a gas and vacuum system to reduce the concentration of the outgassed contaminants.

A particle beam detector system can comprise a particle beam generator, a particle beam fluence and position detector array based on Micromegas technology, and data readout electronics coupled to the position detector array. The particle beam fluence and position detector array can comprise a sealed, gas-filled, ionizing radiation detector chamber. A printed circuit board (PCB) can be disposed within the ionizing radiation detector chamber, the PCB comprising a multi-layer array arrangement of interconnected conductive sensor pads comprising three planar coordinate grids, X, Y, and ST (stereo) situated on separate layers of the PCB. The multi-layer array arrangement of interconnected conductive sensor pads can comprise a first footprint. A dielectric lattice structure can be disposed over the PCB and the multi-layer array arrangement of sensors. A conductive mesh structure can comprise a second footprint disposed over the dielectric lattice structure and extending over an entire area of the first footprint.

A resistive type particle detection device includes a cathode, an amplification micro-gate, and an anode composed of a flat insulator including resistive tracks arranged on a face of the flat insulator facing the amplification micro-gate and reading tracks arranged on the opposite face of the flat insulator, the reading tracks being connected to a reading system. In a non-limiting embodiment, the resistive type particle detection device further includes a conductive track positioned between two resistive tracks.

A resistive type particle detection device includes a cathode, an amplification micro-gate, and an anode composed of a flat insulator including resistive tracks arranged on a face of the flat insulator facing the amplification micro-gate and reading tracks arranged on the opposite face of the flat insulator, the reading tracks being connected to a reading system. In a non-limiting embodiment, the resistive type particle detection device further includes a conductive track positioned between two resistive tracks.

A system and method for cross-calibrating a radionuclide at two separate locations (A and B) includes the use of a portable ion chamber configured to fit within a dose calibrator, which ion chamber receives a syringe containing a known volume of a sample of a radionuclide. The portable ion chamber and dose calibrator with the syringe is transported to another location, where a second syringe, identical to the first containing a second sample of the same volume of the same radionuclide is measured in a second dose calibrator.

In one embodiment of the invention, a method for irradiating a target is disclosed. A proton beam is generated using a cyclotron. A first information is provided to an energy selection system. An energy level for the protons is selected using an energy selection system based on the first information. The first information comprises a depth of said target. The proton beam is routed from the cyclotron through a beam transfer line to a scanning system. A second information is provided to the scanning system. The second information comprises a pair of transversal coordinates. The proton beam is guided to a location on the target determined by the second information using a magnet structure. The target is irradiated with the protons.

In one embodiment of the invention, a method for irradiating a target is disclosed. A proton beam is generated using a cyclotron. A first information is provided to an energy selection system. An energy level for the protons is selected using an energy selection system based on the first information. The first information comprises a depth of said target. The proton beam is routed from the cyclotron through a beam transfer line to a scanning system. A second information is provided to the scanning system. The second information comprises a pair of transversal coordinates. The proton beam is guided to a location on the target determined by the second information using a magnet structure. The target is irradiated with the protons.

A detector assembly includes an insulating substrate, a printed circuit board, a resistive, plate, a drilled board, a drift volume, and a cathode. A surface of the printed circuit board exposed to the resistive plate includes printed circuit lines for measuring first and second coordinates of a charge event. A mechanical assembly applies a force between the insulating substrate and the resistive a plate to form an electrical contact between the printed circuit lines on the printed circuit board and the resistive plate without the use of an electrical adhesive.

Disclosed is a low pressure wire ion plasma discharge source including an elongated ionization chamber housing at least two parallel anode wires extending longitudinally within the ionization chamber. A first of the at least two anode wires is connected to a DC voltage supply and a second of the at least two anode wires is connected to a pulsed voltage supply.