An electrode sheet includes a current collector and a first active material layer coated on a first surface of the current collector. The first active material layer includes a first groove, and the first groove includes a first side wall, a second side wall, and a third side wall. The first side wall and the second side wall are arranged parallel to each other, and the third side wall connects the first side wall and the second side wall. The first groove has a width that is a distance from the first side wall to the second side wall, and a length of a surface contour of a cross-section view of the third side wall is greater than the width of the first groove.

A solid-state battery that includes one or more battery constituent units each including a positive electrode layer, a negative electrode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer interposed between the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer, in which the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer have a central portion and an outer edge portion surrounding the central portion in a plan view of the solid-state battery, and in at least one of the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer: 1.05≤(maximum value of film thickness of outer edge portion)/(average film thickness of central portion)<1.34 and (average film thickness of solid electrolyte layer)/(average film thickness of central portion)>0.35.

A solid-state battery that includes one or more battery constituent units each including a positive electrode layer, a negative electrode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer interposed between the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer, in which the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer have a central portion and an outer edge portion surrounding the central portion in a plan view of the solid-state battery, and in at least one of the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer: 1.05≤(maximum value of film thickness of outer edge portion)/(average film thickness of central portion)<1.34 and (average film thickness of solid electrolyte layer)/(average film thickness of central portion)>0.35.

An improved structure of nano-scaled and nanostructured Si particles is provided for use as anode material for lithium ion batteries. The Si particles are prepared as a composite coated with MgO and metallurgically bonded over a conductive refractory valve metal support structure.

A natural graphite-based modified composite material, a preparation method therefor, and a lithium ion battery comprising the modified composite material. The natural graphite-based modified composite material comprises natural graphite and non-graphitized carbon coated on the inner and outer surfaces of the natural graphite. The preparation method comprises: (1) subjecting spherical natural graphite to isotropic treatment; (2) performing granularity control and shaping treatment; (3) subjecting the inner surface and the outer surface of the material obtained in step (2) to simultaneous modification; and (4) performing carbonization, so as to obtain a natural graphite-based modified composite material.

A lithium ion battery is provided that includes: a positive electrode; a negative electrode; a separator comprising a material having a melt temperature of greater than 150° C.; and an electrolyte including an organic solvent and a lithium salt. A method for sterilizing a lithium ion battery is also provided that includes: providing a lithium ion battery (particularly one as described herein); either charging or discharging the battery to a state of charge (SOC) of 20% to 100%; and steam sterilizing the battery to form a sterilized lithium ion battery.

Briefly, a sensor for a continuous biological monitor is provided for measuring the level of a target analyte for a patient. The sensor has a working wire and a reference wire, where the working wire has an analyte limiting layer that passes more than 1 in 1000 analyte molecules from the patient to the an enzyme layer. The enzyme layer has an enzyme entrapped in a polyurethane cross-linked with acrylic polyol. As free electrons are generated, a conductor transfers the electrons to the biological monitor. In some cases, the sensor may be constructed without the use of any expensive platinum.

Briefly, a sensor for a continuous biological monitor is provided for measuring the level of a target analyte for a patient. The sensor has a working wire and a reference wire, where the working wire has an analyte limiting layer that passes more than 1 in 1000 analyte molecules from the patient to the an enzyme layer. The enzyme layer has an enzyme entrapped in a polyurethane cross-linked with acrylic polyol. As free electrons are generated, a conductor transfers the electrons to the biological monitor. In some cases, the sensor may be constructed without the use of any expensive platinum.

A battery comprising an acidified metal oxide (“AMO”) material, preferably in monodisperse nanoparticulate form 20 nm or less in size, having a pH <7 when suspended in a 5 wt % aqueous solution and a Hammett function H.sub.0 >−12, at least on its surface.

Provided is a binder composition for a non-aqueous secondary battery electrode with which it is possible to form an electrode having excellent electrolyte solution injectability and process adhesiveness. The binder composition for a non-aqueous secondary battery electrode contains a particulate polymer formed by a polymer that includes a block region composed of an aromatic vinyl monomer unit and has a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble content of not less than 5 mass % and not more than 40 mass %. The binder composition for a non-aqueous secondary battery electrode preferably further contains a water-soluble polymer that includes a hydrophilic group and has a weight-average molecular weight of not less than 15,000 and not more than 500,000.