An energy storage module includes a module housing, a positive polarity module terminal and a negative polarity module terminal accessible via an external surface of the housing, and a plurality of battery cells contained within the housing and coupled in series between the positive polarity terminal and a negative polarity terminal to form a battery cell string. A removable manual service disconnect (MSD) unit is physically coupled to the external surface of the housing and electrically coupled between at least one battery cell in the battery cell string and one of the module terminals. The MSD unit has at least a first MSD operating state to allow current conduction between the positive polarity module terminal and the negative polarity module terminal, and a second MSD operating state to prevent current conduction between the positive polarity module terminal and the negative polarity module terminal.

An electrical system can include a power supply configured to provide electrical power to components at a time at which the electrical system experiences an electrical fault. The electrical system can include a first battery electrically coupled in parallel to a second battery via an electrical bus, whereby the first and second batteries can provide electrical power to a first electrical load and a second electrical load. Upon experiencing a fault, a first circuit element can electrically decouple the first battery and the second battery by opening a circuit provided by the electrical bus, thereby isolating the first battery from the second battery. Next, the battery experiencing the fault can include a second circuit element that can electrically decouple the battery experiencing the fault from a respective electrical load, while the battery isolated from the fault can continue to provide electrical power to components.

A control method for an HV contactor and a control unit for the implementation thereof in a battery storage device, preferably a battery storage device of an electric vehicle, wherein in the battery storage device, modules are interconnected via electromechanical components in the form of contactors, fuses, and busbars and are connected to a battery management system for controlling charging and discharging, wherein at least one respective contactor is provided for potential-free isolation at external electrical terminals. The control unit uses HV contactors installed bidirectionally in a positive and negative path of the high-voltage battery storage device to trigger an opening actuation of an HV contactor in order to interrupt a current flow only in a preferred direction of the respective contactor.

A method of operating a medical device comprises electrically connecting a power device to the medical device. The method further comprises sensing at least one characteristic of the medical device with the power device. The method further comprises adjusting or maintaining one or more characteristics of an electrical connection feature of the power device according to the at least one observed characteristic such that the electrical connection feature of the power device is operationally compatible with an electrical connection feature of the medical device. The method further comprises operating the power device according to an operational profile associated with the medical device.

A plurality of required DC voltages are outputted. A power supply device includes: a first switch circuit corresponding to the plurality of battery devices, and that includes a switch for connecting a negative pole terminal, by which negative pole terminals of the battery devices are connected, and a first switch for connecting a positive pole terminal, by which positive pole terminals of the battery devices are connected, and a switch for bypassing, by which the battery devices are bypassed; and a second switch circuit corresponding to the plurality of battery devices, and that includes a second switch for connecting a positive pole terminal, by which positive pole terminals of the battery devices are connected, and a switch for connecting, by which the negative pole terminals of the battery devices are connected to a positive pole terminal of the other battery device.

Provided is a method of manufacturing an energy storage apparatus which includes a plurality of energy storage devices 2 each provided with a positive electrode terminal 17 and a negative electrode terminal 19 having terminal height measuring portions 25 respectively which differ in a surface shape. A height of the terminal height measuring portion 25 of the positive electrode terminal 17 and a height of the terminal height measuring portion 25 of the negative electrode terminal 19 are measured, and heights of the positive electrode terminal 17 and the negative electrode terminal 19 measured in a terminal height measuring step are compared with a reference value.

An interface for a battery pack and an electrical combination. The interface may include a battery-receiving portion configured to receive a battery pack and including a cavity. The cavity is defined by a pair of sidewalls with rails defining a groove between the rails and a lower surface of the cavity. The rails are stepped or angled along a battery insertion axis and are configured to guide the sliding engagement of a battery pack within the battery-receiving portion.

A method of operating a medical device comprises electrically connecting a power device to the medical device. The method further comprises sensing at least one characteristic of the medical device with the power device. The method further comprises adjusting or maintaining one or more characteristics of an electrical connection feature of the power device according to the at least one observed characteristic such that the electrical connection feature of the power device is operationally compatible with an electrical connection feature of the medical device. The method further comprises operating the power device according to an operational profile associated with the medical device.

A separator includes a monolayer-type polyolefin-based micro-porous film having a porosity of 40 to 60%, an average pore diameter of 60 nm or less, and an air permeability of 350 s/100 mL or less; and a porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the micro-porous film and made of a mixture of a plurality of inorganic particles and a binder polymer. An electrochemical device having the above separator has excellent thermal stability and allows a high power while minimizing the occurrence of leak current.

An interface for a battery pack and an electrical combination. The interface may include a battery-receiving portion configured to receive a battery pack and including a cavity. The cavity is defined by a pair of sidewalls with rails defining a groove between the rails and a lower surface of the cavity. The rails are stepped or angled along a battery insertion axis and are configured to guide the sliding engagement of a battery pack within the battery-receiving portion.