A wafer probe-to-waveguide adapter is transformed to a load pull device by integrating in the straight section of the waveguide a two-slug tuner with fixed penetration into diametral slots in the waveguide controlled by linear stepper actuators crossing over and sharing the same section of the waveguide.

A fast calibration method for slide-screw impedance tuners employs a new tuner control board and routine with independent direct triggering and data sampling by the VNA; a new vertical scaling algorithm bypasses the traditional iterative approach and uses numerical curve-fitting and ISO circle definition. Full tuner calibration executes without motor stopping, yielding time reduction typically by a factor of 8.

A fast calibration method for slide-screw impedance tuners employs a new tuner control board and routine with independent direct triggering and data sampling by the VNA; a new vertical scaling algorithm bypasses the traditional iterative approach and uses numerical curve-fitting and ISO circle definition. Full tuner calibration executes without motor stopping, yielding time reduction typically by a factor of 8.

Structures including an electro-optical phase shifter and methods of fabricating a structure including an electro-optical phase shifter. The structure includes a waveguide core on a semiconductor substrate, and an interconnect structure over the waveguide core and the semiconductor substrate. The waveguide core includes a phase shifter, and the interconnect structure includes a slotted shield and a transmission line coupled to the phase shifter. The slotted shield includes segments that are separated by slots. The slotted shield is positioned between the transmission line and the substrate.

An actuator assembly for adjusting attributes of an antenna array. The actuator assembly provides a multi-RET actuator including a plurality of linear actuators, each including an actuator spur gear, a carriage assembly with an actuator drive motor mounted on a car and a nut attached to the car. A positioning motor is coupled to a lead screw and the nut is threaded onto the lead screw. The car travels on a guide so that the positioning motor and lead screw may be operated to bring the carriage assembly into engagement with a desired one of the linear actuators.

An actuator assembly for adjusting attributes of an antenna array. The actuator assembly provides a multi-RET actuator including a plurality of linear actuators, each including an actuator spur gear, a carriage assembly with an actuator drive motor mounted on a car and a nut attached to the car. A positioning motor is coupled to a lead screw and the nut is threaded onto the lead screw. The car travels on a guide so that the positioning motor and lead screw may be operated to bring the carriage assembly into engagement with a desired one of the linear actuators.

Provided is a divider capable of accurately evaluating an object to be measured without being affected by impedance of a terminal to be measured of the object to be measured, and a signal generation system. There is provided a divider including an input terminal, a plurality of output terminals, a distribution unit that distributes a high frequency signal input to the input terminal and outputs signals obtained by the distribution, and a plurality of reflected wave blocking units that are respectively connected to a plurality of distribution unit outputs and attenuate reflected waves reflected by sides of the plurality of output terminals. The distribution unit includes the plurality of distribution unit outputs and outputs the high frequency signal distributed from the plurality of distribution unit outputs. Outputs from the plurality of reflected wave blocking units are output from the plurality of output terminals.

A structure of transmission line includes a first transmission line, a second transmission line and an interlayer via. The first transmission line includes a first line segment, a second segment and a first signal via. The second transmission line includes a third line segment, a fourth segment and a second signal via. Both of the first line segment and the third line segment are disposed in a first signal transmission layer and extend along a first direction. Both of the second line segment and the fourth line segment are disposed in a second signal transmission layer and extend along a second direction. The first signal via is connected to the first line segment and the second line segment. The second signal via is connected to the third line segment and the fourth line segment. The interlayer via is adjacent to the first line segment or the second line segment.

A low-profile impedance tuner uses a cam-driven piston-like vertical movement of a metallic tuning probe inside a low loss slabline, controlled by an eccentrically centered disc (cam), which is attached to the axis of a stepper motor and rotates parallel to the slabline walls. The structure combines the benefits of low profile rotating tuning probe control with the benign reflection factor phase trajectory of block tuning probes; this is critical for accurate interpolation and impedance synthesis (tuning) strategies using a limited number of calibration points, especially at high microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies.

A low-profile impedance tuner uses a cam-driven piston-like vertical movement of a metallic tuning probe inside a low loss slabline, controlled by an eccentrically centered disc (cam), which is attached to the axis of a stepper motor and rotates parallel to the slabline walls. The structure combines the benefits of low profile rotating tuning probe control with the benign reflection factor phase trajectory of block tuning probes; this is critical for accurate interpolation and impedance synthesis (tuning) strategies using a limited number of calibration points, especially at high microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies.