A protection circuit is for a medium voltage or high voltage transformer and includes a sensing device, a measurement device, and a switching device. The sensing device is configured to be connected between a primary winding of a voltage transformer and ground potential. The measurement device is connected to the sensing device and the measurement device is configured to measure at least one parameter sensed by the sensing device. The protection circuit is configured to analyse the measured at least one parameter sensed by the sensing device. The protection circuit is configured to generate a trip signal based on the analysis of the measured at least one parameter sensed by the sensing device. The switching device is configured to receive the generated trip signal and disconnect the voltage transformer from a high voltage potential.

The present invention provides a parallel method for two electrical generators, more particularly, a parallel method for controlling a Micro-turbine Generator (MTG) in parallel with a traditional Reciprocating Generator (RG). A parallel protection equipment is designed to connect with both the Micro-turbine Generator (MTG) and the traditional Reciprocating Generator (RG) in parallel operation during the Micro-turbine Generator (MTG) regular inspection and maintenance without the power shutoff under the safe condition. The parallel protection equipment comprises a plurality of power resistors, terminal blocks, a breaker, a 24V control relay and a bypass contactor. In addition, the present invention provides bypass contactor control through a monitoring signal contributed by the traditional Reciprocating Generator (RG) working in parallel or by a customer control panel.

A method of controlling an injector driving circuit that may include a first field effect transistor (FET) that opens and closes a driving power supply to an injector, a second FET having a pulse width modulation control function for supplying a starting current to the injector to open a valve and then supplying a driving current for maintaining an opening driving state to the injector, and a Zener diode. The method may include increasing a valve opening torque to open the injector via turning ON both the first and second FET to obtain a maximum current during a cold start or when an injector valve sticks, turning OFF the second FET before closing the injector, and preventing damage to the Zener diode due to a back electromotive voltage from the injector provided when the valve is closed via turning OFF the first FET after a predetermined amount of time elapses.

The invention relates to a protection ensemble, comprising a circuit breaker, and a surge protector device, wherein the circuit breaker and the surge protector device have an interface, wherein the surge protector device comprises a monitoring device and, upon recognizing a fault condition by the monitoring device, the circuit breaker can be tripped by means of the interface.

A junction box controller controls a junction box including a circuit for vehicle travel that supplies power from a battery for vehicle travel to an electrical component for vehicle travel and a charging circuit including a positive electrode charging relay and an negative electrode charging relay that are for use in coupling and decoupling the battery for vehicle travel to and from an external charging power source in a state in which the positive electrode charging relay and the negative electrode charging relay are coupled to the circuit for vehicle travel. The junction box controller includes a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the circuit for vehicle travel, and a controller that, when the temperature of the circuit for vehicle travel reaches or exceeds a preset threshold, controls and switches on either of the positive electrode charging relay and the negative electrode charging relay.

A circuit protection device is provided between a direct-current power supply and a protection object circuit connected to the direct-current power supply, and protects the protection object circuit from an overvoltage of the direct-current power supply by shutting off a connection between the direct-current power supply and the protection object circuit using a predetermined interrupting element. The circuit protection device includes a bypass circuit which suppresses an electric alternating-current component from flowing to the interrupting element.

A power transistor supplying power to a load is coupled to a current limiter circuit including a differential amplifier that operates to detect a difference between a sense voltage, indicative of a load current, and a voltage reference. A control terminal of the power transistor is driven by a first output of the differential amplifier as a function of the detected difference. A voltage clamp circuit coupled to an input terminal generates a floating ground. A short-circuit protection circuit coupled to the floating ground and interposed between a second output of the differential amplifier and the control terminal of the power transistor provides a short-circuit protection for the first output of the differential amplifier. A reaction time circuit is coupled between the first and second outputs of the differential amplifier and a source terminal of the power transistor to limit a short-circuit current at the source terminal.

A power converter includes first and second arms, each having switching elements, and performs power conversion between a DC system and an AC system. An AC circuit breaker and a current control circuit are connected in series between the AC system and the power converter. The current control circuit includes a current-limiting resistor and a disconnector connected in parallel. A controller instructs a disconnector to close after an initial charge of the power converter and opens the AC circuit breaker when an impedance of a line between a first node located on a first end side of the current control circuit and a second node located on a second end side of the current control circuit is not less than a first threshold and an accumulated value of a current flowing through the current control circuit within a certain period of time is not less than a second threshold.

A semiconductor package and a method for forming a semiconductor package are disclosed. The semiconductor package includes a metallic pad and leads, a semiconductor die including a semiconductor substrate attached to the metallic pad, and a conductor including a sacrificial fuse element above the semiconductor substrate, the sacrificial fuse element being electrically coupled between one of the leads and at least one terminal of the semiconductor die, a shock-absorbing material over a profile of the sacrificial fuse element, and mold compound covering the semiconductor die, the conductor, and the shock-absorbing material, and partially covering the metallic pad and leads, with the metallic pad and the leads exposed on an outer surface of the semiconductor package. Either a glass transition temperature of the shock-absorbing material or a melting point of the shock-absorbing material is lower than a melting point of the conductor.

A circuit interrupter including a current sensor having a normal sensor output and an over current detection output, a solid state switch module structured to have a closed state to allow current to flow through the circuit interrupter and an open state to interrupt current flowing through the circuit interrupter, a gate driver structured to control the solid state switch module including a desaturation function output, wherein the gate driver is structured to cause the solid state switch module to interrupt current flowing through the circuit interrupter when the DESAT function output changes to the on state, and an electronic trip circuit structured to output a trip signal to the gate driver when the normal sensor output reaches a first threshold level or the overcurrent detection output changes to the on state.