Methods and systems relating to metering and diagnostics of energy or power systems are provided. Physical measurements are often not available at various parts of an energy system, such as a power grid, for example because there is no meter present or the meter is malfunctioning. Accordingly, phantom metering is performed by estimating measurement information in the energy system. The phantom metering may be based on topology information of the energy system or grid. The energy system is then diagnosed based on the phantom metering information to identify a condition of interest, such as a condition posing danger in the system, a malfunctioning device in the system, an anomaly condition, and so on. The energy system may then be controlled based on the identified condition of interest, for example to take preventative or corrective action.

A microgrid system for water pumps is provided herein and includes a solar array comprising three independent branches and a first pair of photovoltaic modules and a second pair of photovoltaic modules on each of the three independent branches, each of the first pair photovoltaic modules and the second pair of photovoltaic modules connected by a corresponding single-phase inverter connected in series with each other and connected to a common controller configured to connect the first pair photovoltaic modules and the second pair of photovoltaic modules to a grid during a first mode of operation and connect the first pair photovoltaic modules and the second pair of photovoltaic modules to a water pump during a second mode of operation, different from the first mode of operation.

A microgrid control system includes: a first intelligent electronic device to detect an open/closed state of a switch coupling a microgrid and a higher-ordered system; a protection relay to disconnect a consumer from the microgrid when detecting a fault current; and a second intelligent electronic device including protection relay-controlling circuitry to apply, to the protection relay, a set value according to at least the open/closed state of the switch, wherein the protection relay detects the fault current using the set value applied by the second intelligent electronic device.

Methods and systems are described for determining value and placement of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs).

On an aircraft, a multi-mode power generator is operated in a variable voltage mode to power an electric Wng Ice Prevention System (eWIPS), and is operated in a fixed voltage mode to provide backup power. When atmospheric conditions are conducive to the formation of ice (and main generators are operative), the multi-mode power generator is operated in variable voltage mode to power the eWIPS with a first or second variable voltage. The first variable voltage, the value of which depends on atmospheric conditions, is for anti-ice operation. The second variable voltage, which can be the maximum output voltage, is for de-ice operation. Transitions between different variable voltage levels are not instantaneous which eliminates fatigue damage due to transients. If a main generator fails (or when atmospheric conditions are not conducive to the formation of ice), the multi-mode power generator is operated in fixed voltage mode to provide backup power.

An energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is connected to a grid power source and a photovoltaic panel, and includes: a battery configured to store electric energy received from the grid power source or the photovoltaic panel in a direct current form, or to output the stored electric energy to one or more loads; a grid relay configured to connect or block a power path connected to the grid power source; and a load relay configured to connect or block a power path connected to the load, wherein the grid relay is turned off when an error occurs in the grid power source, and the load relay is turned off when a state of charge of the battery is lower than an off-reference value.

A system and method for determining the optimal time to perform a pulse test to determine the presence of a fault after a switch opens to clear the fault to prevent generator instability. The method includes detecting the fault, opening a switch to clear the fault, determining an optimal time for performing the pulse test for determining the continued presence of the fault based on predetermined system data and parameters after the switch is opened so as to prevent the pulse test from occurring too early that could cause generator instability, and performing the pulse test at the optimal time to determine if the fault is still present. Determining the optimal time can use available system data and information, such as a priori knowledge or real-time behaviour. If the fault is not present, then the method determines a desired time to perform a reclose operation.

A method includes receiving, via one or more turbine-level controllers, an indication of at least one of a communication loss between the one or more turbine-level controllers and a farm-level controller, a detection of an absence of reactive power regulation by the farm-level controller, or a reactive power command of the farm-level controller being equal to or above a saturation threshold during transitioning between a baseline operational mode and reactive power mode, the reactive power mode being characterized in that only reactive power is generate. Upon receipt of the indication, the method includes adjusting a reactive power response of one or more reactive power regulators of the one or more turbine-level controllers so as to avoid an overshoot reactive power event or an undershoot reactive power event at the point of interconnection.

A method for controlling a wind turbine system connected to a power grid. The method comprises generating a wind turbine control signal based on a power control reference for controlling a power output of a wind turbine; monitoring an electrical frequency of the power grid; in response to detecting a change in the frequency in the power grid, activating a fast frequency support method comprising the steps of; adjusting the power control reference to cause an overproduction of power by the wind turbine; the overproduction of power causing a transfer of inertial kinetic energy from the wind turbine to electrical power; wherein the power control reference is determined by applying an adaptive gain function to a measurement of a difference in grid frequency from a nominal level.

An example method comprises receiving historical wind turbine failure data and asset data from SCADA systems, receiving first historical sensor data, determining healthy assets of the renewable energy assets by comparing signals to known healthy operating signals, training at least one machine learning model to indicate assets that may potentially fail and to a second set of assets that are operating within a healthy threshold, receiving first current sensor data of a second time period, applying a machine learning model to the current sensor data to generate a first failure prediction a failure and generate a list of assets that are operating within a healthy threshold, comparing the first failure prediction to a trigger criteria, generating and transmitting a first alert if comparing the first failure prediction to the trigger criteria indicates a failure prediction, and updating a list of assets to perform surveillance if within a healthy threshold.