Superconducting Meissner effect transistors, methods of modulating, and systems are disclosed. In one aspect a disclosed transistor includes a superconducting bridge between a first and a second current probe, the first and second current probe being electrically connected to a source and a drain electrical connection, respectively and a control line configured to emit a magnetic field signal having signal strength H.sub.sig at the superconducting bridge. In one aspect the emitted magnetic field is configured to break Cooper pairs in the superconducting bridge.

Superconducting Meissner effect transistors, methods of modulating, and systems are disclosed. In one aspect a disclosed transistor includes a superconducting bridge between a first and a second current probe, the first and second current probe being electrically connected to a source and a drain electrical connection, respectively and a control line configured to emit a magnetic field signal having signal strength H.sub.sig at the superconducting bridge. In one aspect the emitted magnetic field is configured to break Cooper pairs in the superconducting bridge.

According to one embodiment, an electronic circuit includes a first conductive component, a second conductive component, a first current path, and a second current path. The second conductive component is capacitively coupled to the first conductive component. The first current path of a superconductor includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is connected to the first conductive component. The second portion is connected to the second conductive component. The first current path includes N first Josephson junctions connected in series and provided between the first and second portions. The second current path of a superconductor includes a third portion and a fourth portion. The third portion is connected to the first conductive component. The fourth portion is connected to the second conductive component. The second current path includes a second Josephson junction connected in series and provided between the third and fourth portions.

According to one embodiment, an electronic circuit includes a first current path, a second current path, and a third current path. The first current path includes a first Josephson junction. The second current path includes a second Josephson junction. The third current path includes a plurality of third Josephson junctions. One end of the second current path is electrically connected to one end of the first current path. Another end of the second current path is electrically connected to another end of the first current path. One end of the third current path is electrically connected to the one end of the first current path and the one end of the second current path. Another end of the third current path is electrically connected to the other end of the first current path and the other end of the second current path.

A resonator, an oscillator, and a quantum computer capable of preventing oscillation conditions for generating a parametric oscillation from becoming complicated are provided. A resonator includes at least one loop circuit in which a first superconducting line, a first Josephson junction, a second superconducting line, and a second Josephson junction are connected in a ring shape, in which critical current values of the first and second Josephson junctions are different from each other.

An oscillator in which crosstalk can be reduced is provided. An oscillator includes a SQUID, a transmission line connected to the SQUID, a ground plane, and a first connection circuit disposed in a vicinity of a node of an electric field of a standing wave that is generated when the oscillator is oscillating, the first connection circuit connecting parts of the ground plane located on both sides of the transmission line to each other.

An oscillation apparatus includes: an oscillator including a resonator and a magnetic-field generating unit, the resonator including a loop circuit and a capacitor, the loop circuit including a first superconducting line, a first Josephson junction, a second superconducting line, and a second Josephson junction connected in a ring shape, the magnetic-field generating unit being configured to apply a magnetic field to the loop circuit, and the oscillator being configured to perform parametric oscillation; a read-out unit for reading out an internal state of the oscillator; and a filter configured to restrict transmission of a signal in a predetermined frequency band. A circuit in which the capacitor and the loop circuit are connected in a ring shape is connected to the read-out unit through the filter.

A computing device includes an oscillator network and a controller. The oscillator network includes a plurality of oscillators coupled to each other. The controller is configured to control the oscillator network. Each of the oscillators has a nonlinear energy shift. The controller performs a plurality of sampling operations. Each sampling operation includes a first operation of outputting a signal causing the oscillators to stop oscillating, a second operation of outputting a signal causing the oscillators to oscillate based on a parameter relating to a first probability distribution, and a third operation of outputting a signal to measure, for the oscillators, a phase of an electromagnetic wave generated by an oscillation.

A cavity oscillator comprising: an amplifier operable to provide energy to a local oscillating signal; a superconducting resonant cavity arranged to receive the local oscillating signal and being operable to reflect a portion of the local oscillating signal for use in a feedback circuit, to support an electromagnetic wave related to the local oscillating signal in a desired TM mode, and to output a filtered signal of a desired frequency or frequencies based on the geometry of the cavity; a feedback circuit operable to generate an error signal based on the local oscillating signal and the reflected signal; and a phase shifter arranged operable to adjust the filtered signal based on the error signal to generate an adjusted filtered signal. The amplifier can amplify the adjusted filtered signal.

An oscillator includes a spin current source, and a free layer coupled to the spin current source. The free layer has a magnetization hard axis that is parallel to a quantization axis of a spin current injected by the spin Hall effect of the spin current source.