Novel unipolar circuits and vertical structures are described which exhibit low stand-by power, low dynamic power, high speed performance, and have higher density compared to conventional silicon CMOS circuitry. In one embodiment, a design methodology utilizing either a p-channel or n-channel transistor type such that each logic gate is clocked and the clocking mechanism provides the pull up or pull down. Further embodiments include novel designs of vertical unipolar logic gates which provides for high density. Ultra-short transistor channel lengths in vertical unipolar logic gates are fabricated with a deposition processin lieu of a lithography processthereby providing for high speed operation and low cost manufacturing.

Novel unipolar circuits and vertical structures are described which exhibit low stand-by power, low dynamic power, high speed performance, and have higher density compared to conventional silicon CMOS circuitry. In one embodiment, a design methodology utilizing either a p-channel or n-channel transistor type such that each logic gate is clocked and the clocking mechanism provides the pull up or pull down. Further embodiments include novel designs of vertical unipolar logic gates which provides for high density. Ultra-short transistor channel lengths in vertical unipolar logic gates are fabricated with a deposition processin lieu of a lithography processthereby providing for high speed operation and low cost manufacturing.

A detector element circuit for a CT imaging system may include a plurality of sensors for detecting photons passing through an object and a first electronic component configured to determine an energy of photons detected by the plurality of sensors and generate photon count data, which may be a count of detected photons in one or more energy bins. The detector element circuit may further include a second electronic component configured to receive the photon count data from the first electronic component and is clocked at a first clock rate; a local memory storage configured to receive the photon count data from the second electronic component at the first clock rate and to output the photon count data at a second clock rate.

A detector element circuit for a CT imaging system may include a plurality of sensors for detecting photons passing through an object and a first electronic component configured to determine an energy of photons detected by the plurality of sensors and generate photon count data, which may be a count of detected photons in one or more energy bins. The detector element circuit may further include a second electronic component configured to receive the photon count data from the first electronic component and is clocked at a first clock rate; a local memory storage configured to receive the photon count data from the second electronic component at the first clock rate and to output the photon count data at a second clock rate.

A clock filter filtering a glitch of an input clock to generate an output clock is provided. A first delay circuit inverts the input clock to generate an inverted clock and delays the inverted clock to generate a first processing clock. A second delay circuit delays the input clock to generate a second processing clock. A first setting circuit generates a reset clock according to the inverted clock and the first processing clock. A second setting circuit generates a set clock according to the input clock and the second processing clock. When the set clock changes from a first level to a second level, a third setting circuit sets the output clock at the second level. When the reset clock changes from the first level to the second level, the third setting circuit sets the output clock to the first level.

A clock filter filtering a glitch of an input clock to generate an output clock is provided. A first delay circuit inverts the input clock to generate an inverted clock and delays the inverted clock to generate a first processing clock. A second delay circuit delays the input clock to generate a second processing clock. A first setting circuit generates a reset clock according to the inverted clock and the first processing clock. A second setting circuit generates a set clock according to the input clock and the second processing clock. When the set clock changes from a first level to a second level, a third setting circuit sets the output clock at the second level. When the reset clock changes from the first level to the second level, the third setting circuit sets the output clock to the first level.

A network sensing device is provided, which may include an active scheduling circuit and a sensor. The active scheduling circuit may operate regularly, and periodically generate a trigger signal. The sensor may include a power management circuit and a sensor circuit. The power management circuit may be coupled to the active scheduling circuit. The sensor circuit may be coupled to the power management circuit. The trigger signal may trigger the power management circuit, and the power management circuit may switch the sensor from a sleep mode to an active mode; the sensor circuit may collect the environmental information in the active mode, and the sensor may return to the sleep mode after the environmental information is saved.

A network sensing device is provided, which may include an active scheduling circuit and a sensor. The active scheduling circuit may operate regularly, and periodically generate a trigger signal. The sensor may include a power management circuit and a sensor circuit. The power management circuit may be coupled to the active scheduling circuit. The sensor circuit may be coupled to the power management circuit. The trigger signal may trigger the power management circuit, and the power management circuit may switch the sensor from a sleep mode to an active mode; the sensor circuit may collect the environmental information in the active mode, and the sensor may return to the sleep mode after the environmental information is saved.

Apparatuses and techniques for counting 0 or 1 bits in a set of bits using both serial and parallel processes. The counting process includes a hierarchy in which the count from different parallel processes at one level in the hierarchy are passed to a smaller number of different parallel processes at a lower level in the hierarchy. A final count is obtained by an accumulator below the lowest level of the hierarchy. The position and configuration of the circuits can be set to equalize a number of circuits which process the different bits, so that a maximum delay relative to the accumulator is equalized.

Apparatuses and techniques for counting 0 or 1 bits in a set of bits using both serial and parallel processes. The counting process includes a hierarchy in which the count from different parallel processes at one level in the hierarchy are passed to a smaller number of different parallel processes at a lower level in the hierarchy. A final count is obtained by an accumulator below the lowest level of the hierarchy. The position and configuration of the circuits can be set to equalize a number of circuits which process the different bits, so that a maximum delay relative to the accumulator is equalized.