A decoding apparatus includes a plurality-of-bits decoding part configured to receive an input vector obtained by adding a message encrypted by a trapdoor function and an error vector including an element(s) conforming with a discrete Gaussian distribution, and decode a plurality of bits from a lower bit of the message based on the input vector in correctness with a predetermined probability; and a confirmation calculation part configured to determine in parallel whether the decoded plurality of bits are correct or not, wherein the message is encrypted by taking an inner product with a vector including a power of two as an element(s).

Real-time selection of interference cancellation schemes based on transmission parameters and amount of resource overlap between the desired payload and the interfering payload. Codeword level interference cancellation may be performed where the signal quality of the interfering signal indicates that the interfering payload will be decoded correctly. When performed, codeword level interference cancellation may be monitored to determine if decoding the interfering payload is converging. Other interference cancellation schemes may be selected based on the signal quality of the interfering signal or non-converging decode of the interfering payload. The number of iterations for iterative decoding in codeword level interference cancellation may be dynamically selected. The decoder output (e.g., soft bits) may be used to perform interference cancellations before the decoder is fully converged. Iterative decoding may be performed in multiple passes and soft decision output form one pass may be used to initialize the decoder for a subsequent pass.

Apparatuses, methods and storage medium associated with generating erasure codes for data to be stored in a storage system. In embodiments, a method may include launching, by storage system, a plurality of instances of an erasure code generation module, based at least in part on hardware configuration of the storage system. Additionally, the method may further include setting, by the storage system, operational parameters of the plurality of instances of the erasure code generation module, based at least in part on current system load of the storage system. Further, the method may include operating, by the storage system, the plurality of instances of the erasure code generation module to generate erasure codes for data to be stored in the storage system, in accordance with the operational parameters set. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Methods, systems, and devices for operating memory cell(s) using an enhanced bit flipping scheme are described. An enhanced bit flipping scheme may include methods, systems, and devices for performing error correction of data bits in a codeword concurrently with the generation of a flip bit that indicates whether data bits in a corresponding codeword are to be flipped; for refraining from performing error correction of inversion bit(s) in the codeword; and for generating a high-reliability flip bit using multiple inversion bits. For instance, a flip bit that is even more reliable may be generated by determining whether a number of, a majority of, or all of the inversion bits indicate that the data bits are in an inverted state.

Methods, systems, and devices for operating memory cell(s) using an enhanced bit flipping scheme are described. An enhanced bit flipping scheme may include methods, systems, and devices for performing error correction of data bits in a codeword concurrently with the generation of a flip bit that indicates whether data bits in a corresponding codeword are to be flipped; for refraining from performing error correction of inversion bit(s) in the codeword; and for generating a high-reliability flip bit using multiple inversion bits. For instance, a flip bit that is even more reliable may be generated by determining whether a number of, a majority of, or all of the inversion bits indicate that the data bits are in an inverted state.

A method begins by a computing device of a dispersed storage network (DSN) sending, to a set of storage units of the DSN, a set of write requests regarding a set of encoded data slices, where each write request includes a write set information table that includes a listing of which storage unit of the set of storage units is being sent which encoded data slice of the set of encoded data slices for storage. The method continues with at least some of the storage units receiving write requests of the set of write requests. The method continues with one of the storage units interpreting the write set information table to determine that a particular encoded data slice assigned to a particular storage unit should be stored by a different storage unit and facilitating storing of the particular encoded data slice in the different storage unit.

Provided is a BCH decoder in which a folded multiplier is equipped. The BCH decoder may include a key equation solver including a plurality of multipliers. The multiplier includes a plurality of calculation blocks configured to perform a calculation operation. Each of the calculation blocks repeatedly performs a calculation operation of a calculation stage for a plurality of calculation stages, outputs one output value on the basis of at least one input value in each calculation stage, and is connected to at least one another calculation block to transfer an output value of a current calculation stage as an input value of the at least one another calculation block in a next calculation stage.

Methods and apparatus for transmitting and receiving broadcast signals are provided. The method for transmitting a broadcast signal includes encoding mobile data for forward error correction (FEC), encoding signaling data, forming data groups including the encoded mobile data and the encoded signaling data and transmitting a signal frame that includes the data groups.

A non-volatile memory system may include a tracking module that tracks logic values of bits to be stored in memory elements identified as unreliable. A record of the logic values may be generated. During decoding of the data, a log likelihood ratio module may use the record to assign log likelihood ratio values for the decoding.

A method for defining an erasure code for system having a predetermined number of data disks is disclosed. The method includes selecting step, constructing step, determining step and repeating step. The selecting step includes selecting a predetermined acceptable number of failures for the system. The constructing step includes constructing a first Tanner graph for two failures acceptable system having predetermined number of data disks. The determining step includes determining erasure code from the first Tanner graph. The repeating step includes repeating the constructing step and the determining step by increasing the acceptable number of failures by one and constructing another Tanner graph in response to the increased acceptable number of failures by increasing number of parity nodes until the predetermined number of failures for the system is reached.