Software Defined Networking concepts apply to access, fronthaul, backhaul and core networks of 5G mobile networks and beyond. Such network components currently have individual/segmented control planes and associated controllers to provide configurability, provisioning, and network slicing. This is because of technology disparity between these network components: access is wireless/cellular, backhaul and fronthaul are optical/fiber, and core is electrical/wire-line. A system/method is detailed that enables a coordinated and unified end-to-end slicing, wherein the coordination is provided in the system/method that (a) attaches to the respective controllers of these network components in real-time, (b) collects the connectivity topology of each network segment as the network evolves, (c) passes the slice-profile information (translating according to capabilities of that network segment to configure an end-to-end slice with a specified bandwidth requirement and service quality level), and (d) passes across a VLAN tag to be used across network segments to associate with the same slice.

Software Defined Networking concepts apply to access, fronthaul, backhaul and core networks of 5G mobile networks and beyond. Such network components currently have individual/segmented control planes and associated controllers to provide configurability, provisioning, and network slicing. This is because of technology disparity between these network components: access is wireless/cellular, backhaul and fronthaul are optical/fiber, and core is electrical/wire-line. A system/method is detailed that enables a coordinated and unified end-to-end slicing, wherein the coordination is provided in the system/method that (a) attaches to the respective controllers of these network components in real-time, (b) collects the connectivity topology of each network segment as the network evolves, (c) passes the slice-profile information (translating according to capabilities of that network segment to configure an end-to-end slice with a specified bandwidth requirement and service quality level), and (d) passes across a VLAN tag to be used across network segments to associate with the same slice.

A multi-node, quantum communication network for providing quantum-secure time transfer with Damon attack detection is described. The network includes three or more nodes connected via authenticated communication channels forming a closed loop. By determining differences between the local times at as well as the time durations required for photons to travel between the three or more nodes, the network detects a Damon attack, if present. For example, the network imposes a closed loop condition to detect the Damon attack. The network can also use the local time differences and time durations for photon travel between nodes to synchronize the local clocks at the three or more nodes of the network.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for transmitting and receiving a client signal in an optical transport network. In the transmission method, a received client signal is mapped into a variable-rate container OTU-N, wherein a rate of the OTU-N is N times as high as a preset reference rate; and then, the variable-rate container OTU-N is split into N optical stab-channel transport units OTUsubs by column, where a rate of each OTUsub equals to the reference rate; next, the N optical sub-channel transport units OTUsubs are modulated onto one or more optical carriers; at last, the one or more optical carriers is transmitted through a fiber.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for transmitting and receiving a client signal in an optical transport network. In the transmission method, a received client signal is mapped into a variable-rate container OTU-N, wherein a rate of the OTU-N is N times as high as a preset reference rate; and then, the variable-rate container OTU-N is split into N optical stab-channel transport units OTUsubs by column, where a rate of each OTUsub equals to the reference rate; next, the N optical sub-channel transport units OTUsubs are modulated onto one or more optical carriers; at last, the one or more optical carriers is transmitted through a fiber.

Provided is a wavelength path communication node device with no collision of wave lengths and routes, capable of outputting arbitrary wavelengths, and capable of outputting them to arbitrary routes. An add/drop multiplexer (11) includes a communication unit (101) that communicates an optical signal with at least one client device and at least one network and a control unit (102) that indicates a transfer destination of the optical signal according to an attribute of the received optical signal to the communication unit (101). The control unit (102) indicates an attenuation amount of the optical signal to the communication unit (101) for each connected device. When a connected device is changed, the control unit (102) instructs the communication unit (101) to change the attenuation amount. The communication unit (101) attenuates the optical signal with the attenuation amount indicated by the control unit (102) and transfers the attenuated optical signal to a transfer destination.

Provided is a wavelength path communication node device with no collision of wave lengths and routes, capable of outputting arbitrary wavelengths, and capable of outputting them to arbitrary routes. An add/drop multiplexer (11) includes a communication unit (101) that communicates an optical signal with at least one client device and at least one network and a control unit (102) that indicates a transfer destination of the optical signal according to an attribute of the received optical signal to the communication unit (101). The control unit (102) indicates an attenuation amount of the optical signal to the communication unit (101) for each connected device. When a connected device is changed, the control unit (102) instructs the communication unit (101) to change the attenuation amount. The communication unit (101) attenuates the optical signal with the attenuation amount indicated by the control unit (102) and transfers the attenuated optical signal to a transfer destination.

Methods, systems, and apparatus for communicating over a radio link by devices with broadband connectivity are disclosed. In one aspect, a telecommunications device includes a first transceiver, a second transceiver, and a state monitor. The first transceiver communicates over a broadband link. The second transceiver communicates over a radio link. The radio link is a Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) link. The state monitor includes one or more processes that monitor a state of the telecommunications device, and in response to the state of the telecommunications device being one of a plurality of pre-specified states, transmit, using the second transceiver, data specifying the state of the telecommunications device over the radio link.

Methods, systems, and apparatus for communicating over a radio link by devices with broadband connectivity are disclosed. In one aspect, a telecommunications device includes a first transceiver, a second transceiver, and a state monitor. The first transceiver communicates over a broadband link. The second transceiver communicates over a radio link. The radio link is a Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) link. The state monitor includes one or more processes that monitor a state of the telecommunications device, and in response to the state of the telecommunications device being one of a plurality of pre-specified states, transmit, using the second transceiver, data specifying the state of the telecommunications device over the radio link.

Methods and apparatus for providing enhanced optical networking service and performance which are particularly advantageous in terms of low cost and use of existing infrastructure, access control techniques, and components. In the exemplary embodiment, current widespread deployment and associated low cost of Ethernet-based systems are leveraged through use of an Ethernet CSMA/CD MAC in the optical domain on a passive optical network (PON) system. Additionally, local networking services are optionally provided to the network units on the PON since each local receiver can receive signals from all other users. An improved symmetric coupler arrangement provides the foregoing functionality at low cost. The improved system architecture also allows for fiber failure protection which is readily implemented at low cost and with minimal modification.