A communication device that includes an antenna including a first electrode and a second electrode, at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode including a plurality of segmented electrodes. The communication device further includes a communication circuit, coupled to the antenna, that performs a transmission operation and a reception operation of transmission data between a device and the communication circuit based on a communication protocol that includes a plurality of communication stages. The communication device further includes a switch that switches whether or not each of the plurality of segmented electrodes is to be coupled to the communication circuit and a controller that changes an effective electrode area of at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode by the switch, based on at least one of the operations of the communication circuit, a type of the transmission data, or the communication stages.

Disclosed is a tag apparatus for attaching things based on human body communication, including: a tag main body for human body communication configured to be attached to a thing to transmit identification information on a thing to a human body communication receiving device through human body communication during the contact of the human body with the thing; a case configured to protect the tag main body for human body communication; and a thing attachment portion configured to be exposed to an outside of the case to be attached to a particular part of the thing, detect when the human body contacts or approaches the thing, and forms a human body communication channel to output identification information on the thing.

A device is configured to transmit tissue conductance communication (TCC) signals by generating multiple TCC signals by a TCC transmitter of the IMD. The generated TCC signals are coupled to a transmitting electrode vector via a coupling capacitor to transmit the plurality of TCC signals to a receiving medical device via a conductive tissue pathway. A voltage holding circuit holds the coupling capacitor at a DC voltage for a time interval between two consecutively transmitted TCC signals.

Techniques to enable near field communication using electric field (E-field) are proposed. When the wavelength of a signal is long relative to the human body, the human body can behave as a conductive hollow cylinder. By capacitively coupling the human body with a transmitter and/or a receiver, the human body itself can be used as a communication medium.

A plurality of frequency orthogonal signals are transmitted into a person. At least one of the plurality of frequency orthogonal signals is received at a receiving antenna or conductor. The received signal is measured. Characteristics of the received signal are used to establish a result related to that person.

Method of delivering the object related message by using the format of the wide-frequency sound signal is proposed. Due to both the well-known Doppler effect and the well-known phenomena that the intensity is inversely proportional to the distance in the three-dimensional space, the transmitted wide-frequency sound signal itself indicates some properties of the objected attached by the wide-frequency sound signal transmitter, such as the motion and the distance. Besides, the delivered wide-frequency sound signal also carries the contents detected by one or more corresponding detectors. Such method has many possible applications, such as intelligent fitness equipment, health care, indusial application and so on.

A system for interfacing an in-body medical device with an external network includes a subdermal wideband on-body network (WON) hub, which in turn includes a hub rechargeable battery, a hub processor coupled to the hub rechargeable battery, a device interface configured to communicate with the in-body medical device, and coupled to the hub processor, and a hub-satellite near field communications wireless interface coupled to the hub processor. The system also includes a wearable WON server that in turn includes a server processor, a server-satellite interface coupled to the server processor, and an external network interface coupled to the server processor. The server processor implements a software controller; and a skin-mountable WON tethered satellite that includes a wired satellite-server interface, coupled to the wearable WON server, and a tethered satellite near-field communications (NFC) wireless interface, configured to communicate with the hub-satellite NFC wireless interface, and coupled to the wired satellite-server interface.

A computing device includes signal generation circuitry and also includes a location on the computing device that is operative to couple a signal generated by the signal generation circuitry into a user. For example, the computing device includes signal generation circuitry that generates a signal that includes information corresponding to a user and/or an application that is operative within the computing device. The signal generation circuitry couples the signal into the user from a location on the computing device based on a bodily portion of the user being in contact with or within sufficient proximity to the location on the computing device that facilitates coupling of the signal into the user. Also, the signal may be coupled via the user to another computing device that includes a touchscreen display that is operative to detect and receive the signal.

Techniques are described for user authentication based on a signal that is transmitted through an individual's body, and detected using device(s) in physical contact with the individual. A signal, such as an electrical signal or a vibrational signal, may be transmitted from a first device and received by a second device that is in physical contact with the individual. The received signal may be employed to determine a body signature for the individual. The body signature may identify the individual among a population of individuals, given the particular alterations to the propagating signal caused by the individual's physiology. Accordingly, the body signature may be employed as a form of biometric data that is useable to authenticate the individual to access a secure area, log in to a device or an application, or for other purposes.

The present invention relates to a system for the control of a medical implant in a mammal body. The system comprises a first and a second part being adapted for communication with each other. In the system the first part is adapted for implantation in the mammal body for the control of and communication with the medical implant, and the second part is adapted to be worn on the outside of the mammal body and adapted to receive control commands from a user and to transmit these commands to the first part.