A system and method provide a communications link having a plurality of lanes, and an in-band, real-time physical layer protocol that keeps all lanes on-line, while failing lanes are removed, for continuous service during fail over operations. Lane status is monitored real-time at the physical layer receiver, where link error rate, per lane error performance, and other channel metrics are known. If a lane failure is established, a single round trip request/acknowledge protocol exchange with the remote port completes the fail over. If a failing lane meets an acceptable performance level, it remains on-line during the round trip exchange, resulting in uninterrupted link service. Lanes may be brought in or out of service to meet reliability, availability, and power consumption goals.

The described techniques address the issues of latency and lengthy processing times associated with conventional redundant sensor measurement systems that rely upon digital transmission protocols by implementing a diverse analog sensor interface architecture. The described architecture may advantageously use a number of sensor measurement paths that may be independent of one another or share any suitable number of common components to provide varying levels of redundancy. The analog interfaces may provide signal diversity with respect to the use of different types of analog transmission protocols, which may include different signaling interfaces (e.g. differential versus single-ended), different transmission interfaces (e.g. voltage versus current interfaces), and/or the use of different signalization schemes.

The described techniques address the issues of latency and lengthy processing times associated with conventional redundant sensor measurement systems that rely upon digital transmission protocols by implementing a diverse analog sensor interface architecture. The described architecture may advantageously use a number of sensor measurement paths that may be independent of one another or share any suitable number of common components to provide varying levels of redundancy. The analog interfaces may provide signal diversity with respect to the use of different types of analog transmission protocols, which may include different signaling interfaces (e.g. differential versus single-ended), different transmission interfaces (e.g. voltage versus current interfaces), and/or the use of different signalization schemes.

One example discloses an apparatus for near-field magnetic induction (NFMI) based robustness, including: a first wireless device including a first wireless signal interface and a first NFMI signal interface; wherein the first wireless signal interface is configured to receive a data set from a third wireless device; wherein the first NFMI signal interface is configured to communicate with a second wireless device through a second NFMI signal interface; and wherein the first wireless device is configured to detect an error in the data set received from the third wireless device and in response to detecting the error configure the first NFMI signal interface to receive the data set from the second wireless device through the second NFMI signal interface.

An information processing device (200, 300) includes an encoding processing unit (212b) and a determination unit (231). The encoding processing unit (212b) performs error correction encoding processing in which a plurality of bit sequences are output from one or more bit sequences. The determination unit (231) divides the plurality of bit sequences into a first bit sequence group (BS1) and a second bit sequence group (BS2), and determines to transmit the first bit sequence group (BS1) and the second bit sequence group (BS2) through different propagation paths, the first bit sequence group (BS1) being decodable without performing error correction decoding processing corresponding to the error correction encoding processing, and the second bit sequence group (BS2) being used for the error correction decoding processing.

The present invention relates to a method for managing a soft buffer for the hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) of a terminal to which a plurality of cells are set in a wireless communication system, and to an apparatus using the method. Through the method, information is received about the maximum number of cells capable of being simultaneously scheduled from among a plurality of cells, and the size of the soft buffer is determined for storing transmission blocks or code blocks of each cell on the basis of the information.

The present invention relates to a method for managing a soft buffer for the hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) of a terminal to which a plurality of cells are set in a wireless communication system, and to an apparatus using the method. Through the method, information is received about the maximum number of cells capable of being simultaneously scheduled from among a plurality of cells, and the size of the soft buffer is determined for storing transmission blocks or code blocks of each cell on the basis of the information.

A charging processing method includes: A charging trigger device sends a charging request message to a charging processing device, where the charging request message includes redundant transmission information, that is, related information of redundant transmission used for a data connection service in a data connection session; and the charging processing device performs charging processing based on the redundant transmission information, including determining a redundant service charging processing mode, performing charging processing on a usage amount reported by the charging trigger device, sending usage amount processing indication information to the charging trigger device, or the like.

A charging processing method includes: A charging trigger device sends a charging request message to a charging processing device, where the charging request message includes redundant transmission information, that is, related information of redundant transmission used for a data connection service in a data connection session; and the charging processing device performs charging processing based on the redundant transmission information, including determining a redundant service charging processing mode, performing charging processing on a usage amount reported by the charging trigger device, sending usage amount processing indication information to the charging trigger device, or the like.

A communication network includes relaying apparatuses, each including redundant-route ports providing communication routes between the relaying apparatuses. The relaying apparatus determines whether a first frame received via a usual port is highly important. The first frame being highly important is transmitted via the respective redundant-route ports; the first frame being not highly important is transmitted via one redundant-route port. The relaying apparatus receives a second frame being highly important via the respective redundant-route ports; the second frame has a transmission destination corresponding to an apparatus connected with the relaying apparatus via the usual port. The relaying apparatus makes determination whether or not all the second frames received via the respective redundant-route ports accord with each other. With affirmative determination, one of the second frames is transferred to the transmission destination. With negative determination, all the second frames are cancelled.