According to an embodiment, a transmission apparatus includes: a synchronization frame generation unit configured to generate a synchronization frame to be associated with a user frame; a synchronization frame identifier application unit configured to apply a synchronization frame identifier that enables recognition of a transmission order property of the synchronization frame to each synchronization frame generated by the synchronization frame generation unit and embed the synchronization frame identifier in the synchronization frame; a synchronization frame insertion unit configured to insert the synchronization frame with the synchronization frame identifier embedded therein by the synchronization frame identifier application unit into a point immediately after another user frame associated with another synchronization frame one before the user frame associated with the synchronization frame and immediately before the user frame associated with the synchronization frame; and a frame copying unit configured to copy the user frame and the synchronization frame inserted by the synchronization frame insertion unit.

According to an embodiment, a transmission apparatus includes: a synchronization frame generation unit configured to generate a synchronization frame to be associated with a user frame; a synchronization frame identifier application unit configured to apply a synchronization frame identifier that enables recognition of a transmission order property of the synchronization frame to each synchronization frame generated by the synchronization frame generation unit and embed the synchronization frame identifier in the synchronization frame; a synchronization frame insertion unit configured to insert the synchronization frame with the synchronization frame identifier embedded therein by the synchronization frame identifier application unit into a point immediately after another user frame associated with another synchronization frame one before the user frame associated with the synchronization frame and immediately before the user frame associated with the synchronization frame; and a frame copying unit configured to copy the user frame and the synchronization frame inserted by the synchronization frame insertion unit.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for increasing data transmission efficiency when performing packet duplication. A method for a terminal in a wireless communication system according to the present invention comprises the steps of: performing protocol data convergence protocol (PDCP) duplication in which an identical PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) is transmitted to a base station through each of a first logical channel and a second logical channel; when a request for retransmission of the PDCP PDU which has been transmitted through the second logical channel is received from the base station, retransmitting the PDCP PDU to the base station; and when the PDCP PDU has been retransmitted a predetermined number of times or more, receiving, from the base station, information indicating deactivation of the PDCP duplication.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for increasing data transmission efficiency when performing packet duplication. A method for a terminal in a wireless communication system according to the present invention comprises the steps of: performing protocol data convergence protocol (PDCP) duplication in which an identical PDCP protocol data unit (PDU) is transmitted to a base station through each of a first logical channel and a second logical channel; when a request for retransmission of the PDCP PDU which has been transmitted through the second logical channel is received from the base station, retransmitting the PDCP PDU to the base station; and when the PDCP PDU has been retransmitted a predetermined number of times or more, receiving, from the base station, information indicating deactivation of the PDCP duplication.

A system and method for detecting a failure in a redundant signal path during operation of the redundant path is disclosed. A test signal is sequentially injected into each signal path while an input signal is conducted by the other signal path not receiving the test signal. The test signal is selected at a frequency to verify operation of a filter connected in series along each path. A processor generates the test signal, injects the test signal at the input of the filter, and receives the output of the filter. The processor then generates a frequency response of the filter in each signal path as a function of the output from the filter and of the original test signal. The frequency response obtained along each of the redundant signal paths is compared to each other to detect a failure of one of the filters present along the respective signal paths.

A system and method for detecting a failure in a redundant signal path during operation of the redundant path is disclosed. A test signal is sequentially injected into each signal path while an input signal is conducted by the other signal path not receiving the test signal. The test signal is selected at a frequency to verify operation of a filter connected in series along each path. A processor generates the test signal, injects the test signal at the input of the filter, and receives the output of the filter. The processor then generates a frequency response of the filter in each signal path as a function of the output from the filter and of the original test signal. The frequency response obtained along each of the redundant signal paths is compared to each other to detect a failure of one of the filters present along the respective signal paths.

A data packet transmission method and device, a storage medium and a terminal are provided. The method includes: during multi-link transmission, duplicating a first failed data packet in a transmission window to at least one other link of multiple links, wherein the multiple links include a first link on which the first failed data packet is transmitted and the at least one other link; and retransmitting the first failed data packet on the at least one other link and the first link, wherein the first failed data packet is a data packet whose transmission does not succeed and which has a smallest sequence number in the transmission window. Embodiments of the present disclosure may mitigate data packet transmission blocking caused by failed data packets in a WLAN multi-link system.

Embodiments of the present application disclose a point-to-multipoint service transmission method and apparatus. The first node is connected to the second node by using a first additional path, and the first additional path and a second path constitute a first protection path. The second node is connected to the first node by using a second additional path, and the second additional path and a first path constitute a second protection path. The method may include: when the first node is in an active state and the second node is in a standby state, receiving, by the first node by using the first protection path if the first path is faulty, service data sent by the root node; and forwarding, by the first node, the service data to the multiple leaf nodes.

The present disclosure discloses a data transmission method performed by a computer device and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. According to the present disclosure, voice criticality analysis is performed on a to-be-transmitted audio to obtain a criticality level of each to-be-transmitted audio frame in the to-be-transmitted audio, and a corrected redundancy multiple of each to-be-transmitted audio frame is obtained according to a current redundancy multiple and a redundant transmission factor corresponding to the criticality level of each to-be-transmitted audio frame. Therefore, each to-be-transmitted audio frame is duplicated according to a corrected redundancy multiple of each to-be-transmitted audio frame, to obtain at least one redundancy data packet, and the at least one redundancy data packet is transmitted to a target terminal, which can improve the network anti-packet loss effect without causing network congestion.

Implementations are directed to designing a redundant configuration for a virtualized network function with cost efficiency while improving reliability of entire service chain. A service chain design apparatus includes a redundancy target VNF determining unit that defines, as importance of each VNF, at least one of the number of service chains using the VNF or the number of accommodated users in the service chains using the VNF, and determines a VNF having high importance as a redundancy target VNF, and a redundancy determining unit that determines, when importance of the redundancy target VNF determined by the redundancy target VNF determining unit exceeds a predetermined threshold, the redundancy target VNF having the importance exceeding the predetermined threshold as a redundancy execution VNF.