A wireless communication method includes receiving a reference signal and a data signal, based on a coverage enhancement level represented by a number of transmission repetitions; processing the reference signal and the data signal received by the receiving; setting a number of resource elements for transmitting the reference signal based at least on a channel type; and setting usage of resource elements indicated by a System Information Block (SIB). The reference signal is a Cell-specific Reference Signal (CRS) or a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS).

A wireless communication method includes receiving a reference signal and a data signal, based on a coverage enhancement level represented by a number of transmission repetitions; processing the reference signal and the data signal received by the receiving; setting a number of resource elements for transmitting the reference signal based at least on a channel type; and setting usage of resource elements indicated by a System Information Block (SIB). The reference signal is a Cell-specific Reference Signal (CRS) or a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS).

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a base station (BS) may map a plurality of resource elements from an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) resource structure to respective time-domain samples of a plurality of time-domain samples included in a single-carrier resource structure. The BS may transmit the plurality of time-domain samples to a user equipment (UE). Numerous other aspects are provided.

Systems, methods, and apparatus are provided for automated identification of open space in a wireless communications spectrum, by identifying sources of signal emission in the spectrum by automatically detecting signals, analyzing signals, comparing signal data to historical and reference data, creating corresponding signal profiles, and determining information about the open space based upon the measured and analyzed data in near real-time.

A wireless communication method includes receiving a reference signal and a data signal, based on a coverage enhancement level represented by a number of transmission repetitions; processing the reference signal and the data signal received by the receiving; setting a number of resource elements for transmitting the reference signal based at least on a channel type; and setting usage of resource elements indicated by a System Information Block (SIB). The reference signal is a Cell-specific Reference Signal (CRS) or a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS).

A wireless communication method includes receiving a reference signal and a data signal, based on a coverage enhancement level represented by a number of transmission repetitions; processing the reference signal and the data signal received by the receiving; setting a number of resource elements for transmitting the reference signal based at least on a channel type; and setting usage of resource elements indicated by a System Information Block (SIB). The reference signal is a Cell-specific Reference Signal (CRS) or a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS).

A multichannel data packer includes a plurality of two-input multiplexers and a controller. The plurality of two-input multiplexers is arranged in 2.sup.N rows and N columns in which N is an integer greater than 1. Each input of a multiplexer in a first column receives a respective bit stream of 2.sup.N channels of bit streams. Each respective bit stream includes a bit-stream length based on data in the bit stream. The multiplexers in a last column output 2.sup.N channels of packed bit streams each having a same bit-stream length. The controller controls the plurality of multiplexers so that the multiplexers in the last column output the 2.sup.N channels of bit streams that each has the same bit-stream length.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A base station may transmit a downlink control transmission and multiple downlink data transmissions to a user equipment (UE). The UE may schedule an uplink data transmission based on the downlink control transmission and may schedule transmission acknowledgement messages based on the multiple downlink data transmissions. The UE may identify that the scheduled uplink data transmission overlaps with the scheduled transmission acknowledgement messages. The UE may generate one or more acknowledgement codebooks for transmission of the multiple transmission acknowledgment messages and may multiplex the one or more acknowledgement codebooks with the uplink data transmission on the uplink data channel. In some cases, the UE may multiplex the codebooks based on determining that a set of timing thresholds are satisfied by an earliest of the multiple transmission acknowledgement messages and the uplink data transmission with respect to one or more downlink transmissions.

This application discloses a DMRS indicating method, a DMRS receiving method, and an apparatus. The method includes: determining, by a transmit end from a plurality of groups of demodulation reference signal DMRS configuration information, DMRS configuration information corresponding to a current DMRS transmission scheme, and obtaining DMRS indication information based on the DMRS configuration information, where each group of DMRS configuration information includes a plurality of pieces of DMRS configuration information; and sending, by the transmit end, the DMRS indication information. The method and the apparatus provided in this application are implemented to match a plurality of scenarios in NR. This can satisfy a requirement for transmitting more layers of data, and can further reduce indication overheads.

A synchronization signal block transmission method, a network device, and a terminal are provided. The method includes: determining a target time domain transmission location of a first synchronization signal block within a downlink signal transmitting time, where the target time domain transmission location is one of at least two candidate time domain transmission locations of the first synchronization signal block; and transmitting the first synchronization signal block in the target time domain transmission location.