In one example, a communication device includes a LINK that generates a first output signal on a basis of a first external signal from a first external device, outputs the first output signal to a second external device, generates a second output signal on a basis of a second external signal from the second external device, and outputs the second output signal to the first external device, in which each of the first output signal and the second external signal includes command information indicating content of a command transmitted from the first external device, final-destination-device-identification-information for identifying a final destination device of data transmitted from the first external device, internal address information indicating an internal address of the final destination device, data length information indicating a length of the data transmitted from the first external device, and data-end-position-information indicating an end position of the data transmitted.

A method and system that provides for execution of a first calibration sequence, such as upon initialization of a system, to establish an operation value, which utilizes an algorithm intended to be exhaustive, and executing a second calibration sequence from time to time, to measure drift in the parameter, and to update the operation value in response to the measured drift. The second calibration sequence utilizes less resources of the communication channel than does the first calibration sequence. In one embodiment, the first calibration sequence for measurement and convergence on the operation value utilizes long calibration patterns, such as codes that are greater than 30 bytes, or pseudorandom bit sequences having lengths of 2.sup.N−1 bits, where N is equal to or greater than 7, while the second calibration sequence utilizes short calibration patterns, such as fixed codes less than 16 bytes, and for example as short as 2 bytes long.

The present invention is directed to communication method and techniques. In a specific embodiment, the present invention provides a receiver that interleaves data signal n-ways for n slices. Each of the n slices includes feedforward equalizer and decision feedback equalizers that are coupled to other slices. Each of the n slices also includes an analog-to-digital converter section that includes data and error slicers. There are other embodiments as well.

A relay device includes a device internal clock to indicate time; a memory to store information; a communication unit to transmit and receive a signal including a synchronization signal and a normal signal to and from a master and a slave. Further, there is a retention time processing unit to store synchronization signal information indicating the synchronization signal received by the communication unit in the memory and extract the synchronization signal information from the memory when a retention setting time longer than a first predetermined time elapses from the reception of the synchronization signal by using the time indicated by the device internal clock; and a transmission signal control unit to control the communication unit to stop transmitting the normal signal when the first predetermined time elapses from the reception of the synchronization signal and transmit the synchronization signal indicating the synchronization signal information.

Included are a demodulation unit that demodulates a received OFDM modulation signal to acquire a demodulated constellation signal, an ideal constellation signal generation unit that generates an ideal constellation signal from the demodulated constellation signal, a data extraction unit that extracts signal data corresponding to subcarriers included in a part of an intermediate frequency section among all frequency sections, from the demodulated constellation signal and the ideal constellation signal, a phase error calculation unit that calculates the phase error of the demodulated constellation signal for the ideal constellation signal, with respect to the extracted signal data, a phase error characteristic estimation unit that estimates the frequency characteristic of the phase error, and a phase error correction unit that corrects the phase error of the demodulated constellation signal, based on the frequency characteristic of the phase error.

A clock recovery circuit may include: a data slicer configured to output data values based on an input signal, a first error block, a phase adjustment loop including: a first error slicer configured to generate a first error signal based on a comparison of a threshold voltage and an input voltage, wherein the first error block is configured to selectively output the first error signal in response to a first pattern in the output data values, a second error block configured to selectively output the first error signal in response to a second pattern in the output data values, and a voltage threshold modification circuitry configured to adjust the threshold voltage based on output of the second error block, a voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein the data slicer and the first error slicer are clocked based on output of the voltage-controlled oscillator.

A method applicable to a receiver circuit, including: performing a cross-correlation operation upon at least one time-domain signal on at least one receiver path of the receiver circuit according to a local sequence signal, to estimate at least one time offset amount of the at least one time-domain signal as at least one time offset compensation amount; and, performing time offset compensation upon the at least one time-domain signal on the at least one receiver path according to the at least one time offset compensation amount.

The present disclosure provides a clock and data recovery processor for recovering timing information from a measured signal with a data input interface configured to receive samples representing the measured signal, a level comparator coupled to the data input interface and configured to determine the signal level for each of the received samples in a group comprising a predetermined number of samples, a transition comparator coupled to the level comparator and configured to compare the number of signal transitions for the samples in the group with a predetermined transition number, and a bit value determiner coupled to the transition comparator and configured to determine bit values for data symbols in the measured signal based on the detected transitions, if the transition comparator determined the number of signal transitions being equal to or larger than the predetermined transition number. Further, the present disclosure provides a measurement device and a respective method.

A clock and data recovery circuit includes a phase interpolation circuit that adjusts a phase of a reference clock signal generated by a reference clock generation circuit to generate a reception clock signal, a filter that performs filter processing on a data signal output from an ADC that converts an analog data signal to a digital data signal in synchronization with the clock signal, a phase comparison circuit that outputs phase difference data between a transmission-side clock signal and the reference clock signal based on an output of the filter, and a loop filter that generates phase data to be set in the phase interpolation circuit. The filter includes an FIR filter with a tap number N, and an FIR filter with a tap number N+1 that outputs a signal delayed by half a clock than the former FIR filter.

A clock data recovery circuit detects illegal decisions for received data, accumulates a phase gradient for the data, determines a number of the illegal decisions in a configured window for receiving the data, and if the number of the illegal decisions exceeds a pre-defend number in the window, applies a sum of the accumulated phase gradient and a phase increment having a sign of the accumulated phase gradient to a clock circuit for the data receiver.