A transceiver is designed to share memory and processing power amongst a plurality of transmitter and/or receiver latency paths, in a communications transceiver that carries or supports multiple applications. For example, the transmitter and/or receiver latency paths of the transceiver can share an interleaver/deinterleaver memory. This allocation can be done based on the data rate, latency, BER, impulse noise protection requirements of the application, data or information being transported over each latency path, or in general any parameter associated with the communications system.

A route sending method and a device are provided. The method includes: A second network device receives a first route sent by a first network device, where the first route includes an IP address of a source network device and first identification information identifying that an IP address of the first network device belongs to a first type, and the first network device is a next-hop network device of the source network device. The second network device sends the first route, where the first route is a route determined by the second network device based on a first route group, and the first route group is determined based on the IP address of the source network device and the first type, so that routes having the same IP address of the source network device but different types of next-hop addresses can be allocated to different route groups.

A routing establishing method for constructing a routing of a chain network including communication routers, each including a wired communication module, a wireless communication module, and a device configuration file. In a wired exploration procedure, exploration is performed by the source communication router through the wired communication module to obtain a wired communication status between the source and the destination communication routers. In a wireless exploration procedure, exploration is performed by the source communication router through the wireless communication module to obtain a wireless communication status between the source and the destination communication routers. In a routing decision procedure, next hop of the source communication router and whether the transmission routing is through the wired or the wireless communication module are determined and set according to the wired and the wireless communication status. The device configuration file includes device numbers related to relative positions of the communication routers.

In one implementation, a communications apparatus includes a communications circuit including a first communications system configured to communicate with a first communications network over a first communications medium; a second communications system configured to communicate with the first communications network over a second communications medium; and a communications port configured to communicate with a second communications network. The communications apparatus can further include a power circuit that includes a first power system configured to power the communications apparatus with a first power source; and a second power system configured to power the communications apparatus with a second power source. The communications apparatus can further include a processing system configured to be powered by the power circuit and selectively control communications flows between the communications port and at least one of the first communications system and the second communications system.

Embodiments described herein generally involve identifying workloads in a multi-site networking environment. Embodiments include determining that a given network is stretched across a first network segment at a first site and a second network segment at a second site. Embodiments include creating a stretched administrative domain for the given network and mapping an address of the given network to the stretched administrative domain in a lookup table for an administrative domain associated with the first network segment. Embodiments include receiving a flow record from an observation point in the first network segment, the flow record having a source IP address associated with the second network segment and a destination IP address associated with the first network segment. Embodiments include identifying a source workload and destination workload of the flow record using the lookup table and a workload identification table that maps combinations of IP addresses and administrative domains to workloads.

A network configuration apparatus configures a closed network constructed independently for each user in an open network as a cloud LAN, generates an access point for accessing the cloud LAN assigned to each of a plurality of terminals that belong to a user using the cloud LAN. A user information management apparatus selects an access point assigned to a connection terminal accessing the cloud LAN via a mobile data transfer network, and notifies the connection terminal of the access point selected. An address management apparatus delivers an address for the connection terminal to access the cloud LAN in response to a request from the connection terminal.

A network device may receive, from a timing source of a network, timing information. The network device may identify a client device to which the timing information is to be provided, wherein the network device provides an interface between the client device and the network. The network device may select a virtual network address to associate with a timing agent of the network device, wherein the virtual network address is within an address range that is reachable by the client device. The network device may provide to the client device, and via a network layer communication, a timing control packet comprising the timing information, wherein the timing control packet identifies the virtual network address as a source network address of the timing control packet, and wherein the timing information is to be used by the client device to update a clock of the client device.

Some embodiments provide policy-driven methods for deploying edge forwarding elements in a public or private SDDC for tenants or applications. For instance, the method of some embodiments allows administrators to create different traffic groups for different applications and/or tenants, deploys edge forwarding elements for the different traffic groups, and configures forwarding elements in the SDDC to direct data message flows of the applications and/or tenants through the edge forwarding elements deployed for them. The policy-driven method of some embodiments also dynamically deploys edge forwarding elements in the SDDC for applications and/or tenants after detecting the need for the edge forwarding elements based on monitored traffic flow conditions.

Source routing techniques include sending data across several networks, while limiting source routing overhead. For example, the source routing techniques may use a first address format to route data to nodes along a routing path that are within a first network where a source node is located, and use a second address format to route the data to a node along the routing path that is within a second, different network. The node in the second network may similarly route the data through the second network using the first address format for nodes within the second network and, if needed, route the data to a node within a third network using the second address format. This may be repeated for any number of networks to reach a destination.

A method performed by a computing system includes receiving a first request from a first pod being executed on the computing system, responding to the first request with an Internet Protocol (IP) address and a first port range, receiving a second request from a second pod being executed on the computing system, and responding to the second request with the Internet Protocol (IP) address and a second port range that is different than the first port range. The method further includes, with a networking service implemented within the kernel, processing network traffic between external entities and the first and second pods by updating source and destination IP addresses and ports of packets of the network traffic.