A method for providing a service for a traffic flow includes a network device receives a first packet; and when a packet feature of the first packet matches a packet feature of the traffic flow, the network device encapsulates an indication identifier of the traffic flow into the first packet to obtain a second packet, and sends the second packet. The second packet is an Internet Protocol (IP) version 6 (IPv6) packet or a Multiprotocol Label Switching MPLS packet. The indication identifier indicates the service provided for the traffic flow.

A digital data communications network that supports efficient, scalable routing of data and use of network resources by combining a recursive division of the network into hierarchical sub-networks with repeating parameterized general purpose link communication protocols and an addressing methodology that reflects the physical structure of the underlying network hardware. The sub-division of the network enhances security by reducing the amount of the network visible to an attack and by insulating the network hardware itself from attack. The fixed bandwidth range at each sub-network level allows quality of service to be assured and controlled. The routing of data is aided by a topological addressing scheme that allows data packets to be forwarded towards their destination based on only local knowledge of the network structure, with automatic support for mobility and multicasting. The repeating structures in the network greatly simplify network management and reduce the effort to engineer new network capabilities.

Network architectures are interfaced with diverse inputs like a hub with multiple spokes. A portion of these input are further interfaced as limited outputs. The inputs can be from wholly different users streaming unrelated data in different protocols. HL7 ADTs in these inputs can control network configuration, culling or screening output to communications that match user parameters. Network architectures can aggregate and enhance information that matches from among these inputs, including information across protocols such as HL7. Such information can be provided and stored back to other sources so as to add to or correct wide area data stores. All communications can be provided in real-time and with manageable volumes that do not fatigue users and better manage network resources.

This application discloses a communication method. According to the method, a local device and a peer device notify each other through a BGP message whether the local device and the peer device have a control word processing capability. When the peer device also has a control word processing capability, the peer device uses a service packet to carry a control word. When the local device has no control word processing capability, no control word is carried when the peer device sends a service packet to the local device. In this way, normal communication between a network device having a control word processing capability and a network device having no control word processing capability is effectively ensured, and service transmission reliability is improved.

A device generates a remote direct memory access (RDMA) packet, where a payload part of the RDMA packet includes a plurality of data blocks and protection information (PI) corresponding to each of the plurality data blocks in to-be-sent data; or a payload part of the RDMA packet includes one data unit or a part of data in the data unit of to-be-sent data, the data unit includes one data block and PI corresponding to the data block, and a length of the data unit is equal to an integer multiple of a length of the part of data; and sends the RDMA packet.

A device may receive a message originating from or being sent to a machine-type device. The machine-type device may use one of a plurality of binary message formats that includes message values, and the message values may be have specific locations or sizes within the message. The device may determine a particular binary format used by the machine-type device, and identify a set of descriptor language expressions that define a translation between the binary format and a structured data format used by a service device communicating with the machine-type device. The device may generate an output message using the set of descriptor language expressions, and provide the output message to the destination device.

Methods, systems, and devices for determining a subset of user devices from among a complete set of user devices based on a set of received information, i.e., attributes associated with a photograph or user device that transmitted the photograph and attributes, where the disposition of the information may be used to determine the subset and then perform facial recognition on the subset of user associated photographs in order to accurately identify each user or users present in the photograph.

A method, including obtaining a first protocol descriptor according to a protocol header field of an input packet, and further according to a preset protocol field mapping relationship, where the first protocol descriptor corresponds to the protocol header field of the input packet, and where the preset protocol field mapping relationship comprises a mapping relationship between the first protocol descriptor and the protocol field of the input packet, obtaining a second protocol descriptor according to the first protocol descriptor, obtaining, according to the preset protocol field mapping relationship and the second protocol descriptor, a second protocol header field, and obtaining an output packet, where the output packet comprises the second protocol header field.

According to a method for encapsulating or decapsulating a general data stream, one or more data sections are obtained by encapsulating data of a transport object based on a format of the general data stream. The data section includes a data section head and a data section payload. The data section head includes a basic section head and an extension section head or includes the basic section head only. The basic section head includes a transport object identity, a data section length, a data section payload encapsulation mode and an extension section head flag. The encapsulation mode uses a variable-length packet encapsulation mode, a fixed-length packet encapsulation mode or a stream encapsulation mode. The flag indicates whether there is the extension section head and the extension section head includes at least one extended parameter. The one or more data sections are concatenated to obtain and transmit the general data stream.

Network architecture with a plurality of data streams, wherein at least one of the data streams includes data updated in real-time; a plurality of protocol interfaces each connected to at least one of the data streams; a processor coupled with the protocol interfaces; an output interface coupled to a display for showing a graphical user interface; and a memory coupled to the processor including instructions that when executed by the processor, cause the processor to, multiplex a plurality of signals from the plurality of data streams via the protocol interfaces into a single output, wherein the multiplexing is executed based on an identity of the one of the data stream from which the signal originated, and output the single output to the graphical user interface via the output interface.