Systems and methods for managing network traffic receives, at a grade of service device, network traffic information for a plurality of network traffic channels from a network device separate from the grade of service device. The network traffic information is compared to a threshold to determine a behavior value for each network traffic channel. Each network traffic channel is mapped to a grade of service according to the behavior value.

To provide a mechanism capable of improving communication efficiency even in communication before allocation of an AID. A communication device including: a communication unit configured to transmit a first frame including a second association identifier decided by a communication device to which a first association identifier is allocated and receive a second frame including information related to the second association identifier.

To provide a mechanism capable of improving communication efficiency even in communication before allocation of an AID. A communication device including: a communication unit configured to transmit a first frame including a second association identifier decided by a communication device to which a first association identifier is allocated and receive a second frame including information related to the second association identifier.

A communication method is applied to a first device and a second device. The first device and the second device implement data communication through a target signal cable. The method includes: The first device constructs to-be-sent multi-bit target data into at least one target data packet based on a preset format, where each target data packet includes at least one bit of target data and multi-bit identification data, and the multi-bit identification data in each target data packet is used to indicate a quantity and locations of target data in a corresponding target data packet. The first device packs each bit of data in the at least one target data packet, so that different data has different signal waveforms after being packed. The first device sequentially sends each bit of packed data to the second device through the target signal cable.

A communication method is applied to a first device and a second device. The first device and the second device implement data communication through a target signal cable. The method includes: The first device constructs to-be-sent multi-bit target data into at least one target data packet based on a preset format, where each target data packet includes at least one bit of target data and multi-bit identification data, and the multi-bit identification data in each target data packet is used to indicate a quantity and locations of target data in a corresponding target data packet. The first device packs each bit of data in the at least one target data packet, so that different data has different signal waveforms after being packed. The first device sequentially sends each bit of packed data to the second device through the target signal cable.

A packet header information obtaining method. The method includes: obtaining, by a communications device, a first packet, where the first packet includes a plurality of extension packet headers; and obtaining an extension header self-describing option from the first packet, where the extension header self-describing option is used to indicate information about the plurality of extension packet headers. Therefore, the communications device obtains, based on the extension header self-describing option in the first packet, a first extension packet header included in the plurality of extension packet headers. Packet header information of the extension packet header in the first packet can be obtained by using the extension header self-describing option, and the first extension packet header that needs to be parsed can be directly located from the first packet by using the obtained packet header information.

A parsing apparatus includes a packet-type identification circuit and a parser. The packet-type identification circuit is to receive a packet to be parsed, and to identify a packet type of the packet by extracting a packet-type identifier from a defined field in the packet. The parser is to store one or more parsing templates that specify parsing of one or more respective packet types. When the packet type of the packet corresponds to a parsing template among the stored parsing templates, the parser is to parse the packet in accordance with the stored parsing template. When the packet type of the packet does not correspond to any of the stored parsing templates, the parser is to parse the packet using an alternative parsing scheme.

A parsing apparatus includes a packet-type identification circuit and a parser. The packet-type identification circuit is to receive a packet to be parsed, and to identify a packet type of the packet by extracting a packet-type identifier from a defined field in the packet. The parser is to store one or more parsing templates that specify parsing of one or more respective packet types. When the packet type of the packet corresponds to a parsing template among the stored parsing templates, the parser is to parse the packet in accordance with the stored parsing template. When the packet type of the packet does not correspond to any of the stored parsing templates, the parser is to parse the packet using an alternative parsing scheme.

A device generates a remote direct memory access (RDMA) packet, where a payload part of the RDMA packet includes a plurality of data blocks and protection information (PI) corresponding to each of the plurality data blocks in to-be-sent data; or a payload part of the RDMA packet includes one data unit or a part of data in the data unit of to-be-sent data, the data unit includes one data block and PI corresponding to the data block, and a length of the data unit is equal to an integer multiple of a length of the part of data; and sends the RDMA packet.

A network appliance can have an input port that can receive network packets at line rate, two or more ingress queues, a line rate classification circuit that can place the network packets on the ingress queues at the line rate, a packet buffer that can store the network packets, and a sub line rate packet processing circuit that can process the network packets that are stored in the packet buffer. The line rate classification circuit can place a network packet on one of the ingress queues based on the network packet's packet contents. A buffer scheduler can select network packets for processing by a sub line rate packet processing circuit based on the priority levels of the ingress to queues.