In general, various aspects of the present invention provide methods, apparatuses, systems, computing devices, computing entities, and/or the like for intercepting HTTP traffic (e.g., including HTTP requests and responses) for displaying a third-party website in an embedded element (e.g., inline frame) of a website. The extension may, for example, intercept HTTP requests in order to inject one or more required cookies and/or other HTTP headers in order to pass session information and other information along with the HTTP request. The browser extension may, in various other embodiments, be configured to: (1) intercept an HTTP response (e.g., to a modified HTTP request sent via the browser extension); (2) modify the HTTP response; and (3) cause a web browser to render a target website based at least in part on the modified HTTP response.

Techniques are disclosed for utilizing control packets to manage flows by a smart network interface card (smartNIC). In one example, an accelerator of the smartNIC determines that a cache entry of a cache that is managed by the accelerator is a candidate for removal. The cache entry stores flow state of a particular flow. The accelerator generates a control packet that includes flow information of the particular flow that is formatted utilizing a particular header format, the flow information operable for generating a hash that indexes to the cache entry. The accelerator includes an instruction within the control packet that requests a programming data plane of the smartNIC to provide instructions for removing the cache entry from the cache. Upon receiving the control packet, the programming data plane generates and transmits a second instruction to the accelerator for removing the cache entry from the cache.

A transmitting apparatus is provided. The transmitting apparatus includes: a frame generator configured to generate a frame including a plurality of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols; and a guard interval (GI) inserter configured to insert GIs into the generated frame, wherein the plurality of OFDM symbols are divided into a bootstrap, a preamble, and a payload, and the GI inserter inserts first GIs having a size corresponding to a fast Fourier transform (FFT) size of each of OFDM symbols configuring the payload into front ends of each of the OFDM symbols, inserts second GIs having a size corresponding to a quotient obtained by dividing an extra region of the payload calculated based on the FFT size of the OFDM symbols configuring the payload, the number of OFDM symbols, and the size of the first GIs by the number of OFDM symbols into front ends of each of the first GIs, and inserts a cyclic postfix (CP) having a size corresponding to the remainder remaining after dividing the extra region of the payload by the number of OFDM symbols into a rear end of a final OFDM symbol configuring the payload.

A transmitting apparatus is provided. The transmitting apparatus includes: a frame generator configured to generate a frame including a plurality of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols; and a guard interval (GI) inserter configured to insert GIs into the generated frame, wherein the plurality of OFDM symbols are divided into a bootstrap, a preamble, and a payload, and the GI inserter inserts first GIs having a size corresponding to a fast Fourier transform (FFT) size of each of OFDM symbols configuring the payload into front ends of each of the OFDM symbols, inserts second GIs having a size corresponding to a quotient obtained by dividing an extra region of the payload calculated based on the FFT size of the OFDM symbols configuring the payload, the number of OFDM symbols, and the size of the first GIs by the number of OFDM symbols into front ends of each of the first GIs, and inserts a cyclic postfix (CP) having a size corresponding to the remainder remaining after dividing the extra region of the payload by the number of OFDM symbols into a rear end of a final OFDM symbol configuring the payload.

The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5.sup.th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. According to the present disclosure, communication is performed more efficiently in a software defined network (SDN) environment.

The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5.sup.th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. According to the present disclosure, communication is performed more efficiently in a software defined network (SDN) environment.

Communications methods and apparatus for providing and/or adding STIR/SHAKEN Diversion Information to requests. An exemplary method embodiment includes the steps of: receiving at a second communications network a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Invite request from a first communications network, the SIP Invite request being directed to a first SIP address corresponding to a first user equipment device located within the second communications network, the SIP Invite request including a SIP Identity shaken header and one or more SIP Identity div headers; determining at the second communications network whether or not the received SIP Invite request was previously diverted by the second communications network to another network; and when the SIP Invite request is determined to have been previously diverted by the second communications network to another network, processing the SIP Invite request at the second communications network as a previously received and diverted SIP Invite request.

Communications methods and apparatus for providing and/or adding STIR/SHAKEN Diversion Information to requests. An exemplary method embodiment includes the steps of: receiving at a second communications network a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Invite request from a first communications network, the SIP Invite request being directed to a first SIP address corresponding to a first user equipment device located within the second communications network, the SIP Invite request including a SIP Identity shaken header and one or more SIP Identity div headers; determining at the second communications network whether or not the received SIP Invite request was previously diverted by the second communications network to another network; and when the SIP Invite request is determined to have been previously diverted by the second communications network to another network, processing the SIP Invite request at the second communications network as a previously received and diverted SIP Invite request.

A method for controlling network congestion, including overlaying an overlay network packet header on an encapsulation outer layer of a transmit packet, where the overlay network packet header includes an outer Internet Protocol (IP) header, and an explicit congestion notification (ECN) identifier of an ECN is set in the outer IP header, decapsulating the overlay network packet header for an encapsulated reply packet, where an inner congestion identifier that is based on the ECN identifier is obtained from an IP header of the decapsulated reply packet through matching, and if the decapsulated reply packet is a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packet, forwarding the UDP packet to a preset slow channel.

A method for controlling network congestion, including overlaying an overlay network packet header on an encapsulation outer layer of a transmit packet, where the overlay network packet header includes an outer Internet Protocol (IP) header, and an explicit congestion notification (ECN) identifier of an ECN is set in the outer IP header, decapsulating the overlay network packet header for an encapsulated reply packet, where an inner congestion identifier that is based on the ECN identifier is obtained from an IP header of the decapsulated reply packet through matching, and if the decapsulated reply packet is a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) packet, forwarding the UDP packet to a preset slow channel.