In one aspect, compositions and wound dressings are described herein. In some embodiments, a composition or wound dressing described herein comprises a mesh formed from a plurality of biodegradable polymer fibers; a first active agent dispersed in the biodegradable polymer fibers; a plurality of biodegradable polymer particles disposed in the mesh; and a second active agent dispersed in the biodegradable polymer particles. The particles can be disposed within the interiors of the fibers of the mesh or between the fibers of the mesh. In another aspect, a composition or wound dressing described herein comprises a first perforated mesh formed from a first plurality of biodegradable polymer fibers; and a second perforated mesh formed from a second plurality of biodegradable polymer fibers, wherein the second perforated mesh is disposed on the first perforated mesh in a stacked configuration and the first and second perforated meshes have different degrees of perforation.

In one aspect, compositions and wound dressings are described herein. In some embodiments, a composition or wound dressing described herein comprises a mesh formed from a plurality of biodegradable polymer fibers; a first active agent dispersed in the biodegradable polymer fibers; a plurality of biodegradable polymer particles disposed in the mesh; and a second active agent dispersed in the biodegradable polymer particles. The particles can be disposed within the interiors of the fibers of the mesh or between the fibers of the mesh. In another aspect, a composition or wound dressing described herein comprises a first perforated mesh formed from a first plurality of biodegradable polymer fibers; and a second perforated mesh formed from a second plurality of biodegradable polymer fibers, wherein the second perforated mesh is disposed on the first perforated mesh in a stacked configuration and the first and second perforated meshes have different degrees of perforation.

Methods to produce thermoformed implants comprising poly-4-hydroxybutyrate homopolymer, copolymer, or blend thereof, including surgical meshes, have been developed. These thermoforms are preferably produced from porous substrates of poly-4-hydroxybutyrate homopolymer or copolymer thereof, such as surgical meshes, by vacuum membrane thermoforming. The porous thermoformed implant is formed by placing a porous substrate of poly-4-hydroxybutyrate homopolymer or copolymer thereof over a mold, covering the substrate and mold with a membrane, applying a vacuum to the membrane so that the membrane and substrate are drawn down on the mold and tension is applied to the substrate, and heating the substrate while it is under tension to form the thermoform. The method is particularly useful in forming medical implants of poly-4-hydroxybutyrate and copolymers thereof, including hernia meshes, mastopexy devices, breast reconstruction devices, and implants for plastic surgery, without exposing the resorbable implants to water and without shrinking the porous substrate during molding.

Disclosed herein is a polyurethane composite sheet comprising o a biocompatible and biostable polyurethane elastomer comprising polysiloxane segments, the polyurethane forming a continuous matrix of the sheet; and o a woven or braided fabric having a thickness of 15-150 μm and comprising biocompatible, high-strength polymer fibers; wherein the composite sheet comprises 10-90 mass % of polyurethane, has a thickness of 25-250 μm and an areal density of 5-300 g/m.sup.2; and wherein the composite sheet has, in at least one direction, non-linear uniaxial tensile behavior characterized by a 1%-secant modulus of 20-200 MPa, a hardening transition point at 10-45%, and a tensile strength of at least 25 MPa (measured in water at 37° C.).

Disclosed herein is a polyurethane composite sheet comprising o a biocompatible and biostable polyurethane elastomer comprising polysiloxane segments, the polyurethane forming a continuous matrix of the sheet; and o a woven or braided fabric having a thickness of 15-150 μm and comprising biocompatible, high-strength polymer fibers; wherein the composite sheet comprises 10-90 mass % of polyurethane, has a thickness of 25-250 μm and an areal density of 5-300 g/m.sup.2; and wherein the composite sheet has, in at least one direction, non-linear uniaxial tensile behavior characterized by a 1%-secant modulus of 20-200 MPa, a hardening transition point at 10-45%, and a tensile strength of at least 25 MPa (measured in water at 37° C.).

The invention relates to a biocompatible, flexible, bone-adhesive sheet that may suitably be applied in the treatment of bone defects, said bone-adhesive sheet comprising: a cohesive fibrous carrier structure comprising a three-dimensional interconnected interstitial space; distributed within the interstitial space, (i) a plurality of polymer particles comprising a water-soluble calcium-binding polymer, said water-soluble calcium-binding polymer carrying at least one calcium binding group or (ii) a plurality of reactive particles comprising an electrophilically activated water-soluble polymer and a plurality of bisphosphonate particles comprising nitrogenous bisphosphonate.

The invention relates to a biocompatible, flexible, bone-adhesive sheet that may suitably be applied in the treatment of bone defects, said bone-adhesive sheet comprising: a cohesive fibrous carrier structure comprising a three-dimensional interconnected interstitial space; distributed within the interstitial space, (i) a plurality of polymer particles comprising a water-soluble calcium-binding polymer, said water-soluble calcium-binding polymer carrying at least one calcium binding group or (ii) a plurality of reactive particles comprising an electrophilically activated water-soluble polymer and a plurality of bisphosphonate particles comprising nitrogenous bisphosphonate.

A method of manufacturing a therapeutic material incorporating a soft thermoformable elastomer with a phase change material exhibiting high latent heat of fusion. The compound provides elasticity, softness, formability, and heat over an extended duration and to facilitate prolonged skin contact at elevated temperatures. Used in combination with active ingredients the increased temperature and formability provides enhanced transdermal delivery through the skin. Thermoplastic elastomers may be manufactured by mixing together plasticizing oil, a triblock copolymer, a paraffinic substance and one or more additives, e.g., an antioxidant, an antimicrobial agent, and/or other additives to form a mixture which melted then cooled into the thermoplastic elastomer. During cooling, the thermoplastic elastomer may be molded or otherwise formed into any number of articles including, but not limited to, prosthetic liners, prosthetic sleeves, external breast prostheses, breast enhancement bladders, masks, wound dressing sheets, wound dressing pads, socks, gloves, malleolus pads, metatarsal pads, shoe insoles, urinary catheters, vascular catheters, and balloons for medical catheters both vascular as well as urinary. Active ingredients are preferably added to the cooling thermoplastic elastomer when the temperature is below 100° F. to prevent heat degradation and/or breakdown of vital proteins.

A sealing material suitable for a medical implant. The material includes a composite structure of a first component, a second component and a third component. The first component includes at least one biologically inert polymer. The second component includes a hydrogel, which swells up after contact with an aqueous solution by a first volume increase within a first time period. The third component includes a hygroscopic matrix, which swells up after contact with an aqueous solution by a second volume increase within a second time period. The second time period is shorter than the first time period.

An adhesion-preventing material having a high adhesion-preventing effect has been demanded. An adhesion-preventing material including a sterilized biocompatible sponge-like laminate, wherein the sponge-like laminate comprises a sponge-like first layer and a sponge-like second layer each of which is at least partially crosslinked with a curing agent and comprises a low-endotoxin alginic acid monovalent metal salt, the alginic acid monovalent metal salt in the first layer has a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 2,000,000, the alginic acid monovalent metal salt in the second layer has a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 1,000,000, the weight average molecular weights are measured by a GPC-MALS method after a decrosslinking treatment, and the weight average molecular weight of the alginic acid monovalent metal salt in the first layer is higher than that in the second layer.