A hemodiafiltration (HDF) system is provided for performing HDF treatment. The HDF system includes a mixing system for mixing nitric oxide (NO) with other chemicals to produce a dialysis fluid. The HDF system further includes an extracorporeal blood circuit that includes a filter for separating the dialysis fluid into a dialysate and NO spiked substitution fluid. The extracorporeal blood circuit also includes a dialyzer that receives the dialysate and a blood line connected to the dialyzer. The blood line includes admission points connected to the filter. The admission points are used to administer the NO spiked substitution fluid to the patient during the HDF treatment.

Provided herein are methods for maintaining physiological levels of nitrite in a subject undergoing hemodialysis. Also provided herein are methods of administering pharmaceutically acceptable sodium nitrite to a subject undergoing hemodialysis.

A processor of a medical device configured to communicate with a remote server can be programmed to protect the medical device from exposure to unauthorized or malicious software. A system or method to implement this form of protection can include, for example, at least one processor on the medical device, a control software module that controls the operation of the medical device and is executable on the processor, a data management module that manages data flow to and from the control software module from sources external to the medical device, and an agent module that has access to a limited number of designated memory locations in the medical device. In addition, a hemodialysis apparatus can be configured to operate in conjunction with an apparatus for providing purified water from a source such as a municipal water supply or a well. A system for controlling delivery of purified water to the hemodialysis apparatus can comprise a therapy controller of the hemodialysis apparatus configured to communicate with a controller of a water purification device, and a user interface controller of the hemodialysis apparatus configured to communicate with the therapy controller, and to send data to and receive data from a user interface.

The invention provides a first concentrate comprising lactate and calcium ions, said first concentrate having increased stability against precipitation at temperatures around +4? C., said first concentrate being useful for preparing a ready-to-use dialysis fluid by mixing said first concentrate with water and optionally a second concentrate comprising glucose, wherein that the lactate concentration L.sub.conc (expressed in moles per litre, M) of the concentrate fulfills the conditions: a) L.sub.conc>0.8 M; and b) L.sub.conc<(1.9?0.4?Ca.sub.ready) M; and wherein Ca.sub.ready is the calcium concentration of the ready-to-use dialysis fluid expressed in millimoles per litre (mM).

An arterial air capture chamber (101) is used in dialysis. The arterial air capture chamber (101) includes an upwardly extending fluid inlet (102) terminating in a fluid inlet port (105) positioned at about a 90 turn relative to a fluid flow of a fluid inlet tube (107). The arterial air capture chamber (101) includes a draw tube (104) with an opposedly positioned beveled opening (306) at about 180 relative to the fluid inlet port (105). The arterial air capture chamber (101) provides improved fluid dynamics, reducing both stagnant flow and turbulence. The arterial air capture chamber (101) also provides for bidirectional flow of fluid through the arterial air capture chamber (101).

A portable hemodialysis system is provided including a disposable cartridge and a reused dialysis machine. The disposable cartridge includes a dialyzer, and a dialysate flow path and a blood flow path which flow in opposing directions through the dialyzer. The disposable cartridge includes pressure and fluid flow sensors for measuring the pressure and fluid flow in the dialysate flow path and blood flow path. In addition, the disposable cartridge possesses pump actuators (but not pump motors) for pumping dialysate and blood through their respective flow paths. Preferably, the disposable cartridge includes a filter for removing waste products from dialysate.

A wearable filtrating artificial kidney device, comprising a transfusion inlet (2), a blood pump (3). an arterial pressure detector (4), a blood filter (7), a venous pressure detector (8) and an air detector (9), wherein the transfusion inlet (2), the blood pump (3), the arterial pressure detector (4), a resin hemoperfusion apparatus (5), an active carbon hemoperfusion apparatus (6), the blood filter (7), the venous pressure detector (8) and the air detector (9) are connected sequentially; a liquid waste outlet of the blood filter (7) is connected with an ultrafiltration control pump (10). Glomerulus filtration can be simulated to achieve the goal of removing toxins and excessive moisture in the blood by virtue of ultrafiltration of the blood filter (7). A dialyzate and a complicated dialyzate circulating device are not used for the device, so that the volume and weight of the device can be reduced greatly, and the device can be worn conveniently. The device is simple in structure, easy in operation and low in cost.

Devices, systems, and methods herein relate to performing dialysis to manage a chronic condition such as end-stage renal disease. These systems and methods may allow a patient to orally ingest a potable dialysate and excrete the dialysate via the urinary tract. In some variations, a method may include delivering a dialysate via the esophagus of a patient and draining the dialysate into a bladder of the patient. Delivering the dialysate may further comprise delivering the dialysate through the nasopharynx or oropharynx. Delivering the dialysate through the oropharynx may comprise the patient drinking the dialysate.

A method includes collecting used dialysis fluid in a container and combining the dialysis fluid with an acid to lower the pH value of the used dialysis fluid.

The invention relates to a device for discharging wastewater, in particular used or spent dialysate, comprising a plurality of line connections 3, 4, 5 for connecting wastewater lines, in particular wastewater lines of dialysis machines. The device according to the invention is designed as a part which can stand on the bottom of a basin. Sufficient stability can be achieved on account of the weight (gravitational force) of the device alone, without it being necessary to secure the device. Recontamination is prevented effectively in that the line connections 3, 4, 5 are in fluid connection with at least one inflow line, the lower end of which is arranged so as to be spaced apart from the bottom, such that a free-fall distance is formed. In a preferred embodiment, a casing 1 surrounds the at least one inflow line 6, 7, 8. The casing 1 forms a splash guard in the form of a hood such that the wastewater, which emerges from the inflow lines 6, 7, 8 under relatively high pressure, cannot reach the surroundings.