In a method for manufacturing an oxygenator, an intermediate spacer is disposed between a cylindrical heat exchange unit configured by winding a first hollow fiber membrane and a cylindrical gas exchange unit configured by winding a second hollow fiber membrane so that a first gap is formed between one end portions of the heat exchange unit and the gas exchange unit, and a first partition section of a first cover member is inserted into the first gap. In such an oxygenator, a first end portion of the intermediate spacer is located at a part that does not overlap the first partition section in a radial direction in the heat exchange unit and the gas exchange unit. The intermediate spacer is formed by winding an intermediate hollow fiber membrane.

A system for calculating cardiac output of a patient on an extracorporeal blood oxygenation circuit, such as veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, includes determining (i) a first arterial carbon dioxide content or surrogate and (ii) a first carbon dioxide content or surrogate in the blood delivered to the patient after passing the oxygenator corresponding to the first removal rate of carbon dioxide from the blood; establishing a second removal rate of carbon dioxide from the blood in the oxygenator in the extracorporeal blood oxygenation circuit; determining (i) a second arterial carbon dioxide content or surrogate and (ii) a second carbon dioxide content or surrogate in the blood delivered to the patient after passing the oxygenator corresponding to the second removal rate of carbon dioxide from the blood; and calculating a cardiac output of the patient corresponding to a blood flow rate through the extracorporeal blood oxygenation circuit, the first arterial carbon dioxide content or surrogate, the first carbon dioxide content or surrogate in the blood delivered to the patient after passing the oxygenator corresponding to the first removal rate of carbon dioxide from the blood; the second arterial carbon dioxide content or surrogate and the second carbon dioxide content or surrogate in the blood delivered to the patient after passing the oxygenator corresponding to the second removal rate of carbon dioxide from the blood.

A cold and heat exchange system for a cardiac surgical operation with cardiac arrest, comprising: an ice water tank (15), a primary circulation water tank (11), and a secondary circulation water tank (16). Side walls of the primary circulation water tank (11) and the secondary circulation water tank (16) are each provided with an overflow orifice which is connected to the ice water tank (15) through a circulation pipe (14). A first roller pump (12) is mounted on a first hose (13). A second roller pump (18) is mounted on a second hose (17). The primary circulation water tank (11) is mounted on a first loop (5) and a second loop (6). The secondary circulation water tank (16) is mounted on a third loop (1).

The present disclosure relates to various aspects of a procedure for reducing the carbon dioxide content in blood during the treatment of patients. A first aspect of the present disclosure relates to a buffer solution for use in reducing the carbon dioxide content in the blood when treating a patient suffering from pulmonary insufficiency or the complete failure of lung function, wherein the fluid is in gas exchange with a portion of the patient's blood conducted through an extracorporeal circuit. The first aspect of the present disclosure further relates to an apparatus for the extracorporeal reduction of the carbon dioxide content in the blood using said buffer solution. A second aspect of the present disclosure relates to a system for extracorporeal blood treatment, likewise using said buffer solution and the apparatus, and furthermore to a treatment apparatus for extracorporeal blood treatment comprising the aforementioned system. A third aspect of the present disclosure relates to a functional unit for performing extracorporeal blood treatment, a blood-guiding apparatus for interacting with the functional unit for performing an extracorporeal blood treatment using the aforementioned buffer solution, which comprises a blood treatment element, wherein the blood treatment element is the aforementioned apparatus for the extracorporeal reduction of the carbon dioxide content in the blood. In a fourth aspect, the present disclosure relates to a treatment system comprising the aforementioned apparatus for the extracorporeal reduction of the carbon dioxide content in blood as well as a balancing device. In a fifth aspect, the present disclosure relates to a treatment system comprising the aforementioned apparatus for the extracorporeal reduction of the carbon dioxide content in blood as well as a means for reducing the pressure of the aforementioned buffer solution used in said treatment system.

An intermediate element for a medical extracorporeal fluid line designed to conduct a fluid, such as blood, has a main part extending between two connection parts. A flow channel passes continuously through the main part and the connection parts. The connection parts hydraulically connect the main body to a fluid line. On the periphery of the main part a receiving area is arranged, which is designed to receive a measurement value transmitter. An opening to the flow channel is defined in the receiving area and is sealed in a fluid-tight manner towards the receiving area by an elastic element. The measurement value transmitter is a gas sensor of a sensor device for measuring at least one gas contained in the fluid. The elastic element is a diffusion element, which is permeable to at least one gas. The diffusion element is bonded to an edge of the opening.

A total artificial heart for a mammalian cardiovascular system is provided. The total artificial heart has a pump casing including an outer housing and an integral hollow support shaft extending therethrough. The casing defines a first flow path within the outer housing about an exterior of the hollow support shaft and a separate second flow path extending within the hollow support shaft. An annular impeller is housed within the outer housing of the casing for rotation about the hollow support shaft to provide a centrifugal flow pump in the first flow path, and an axial flow impeller is housed within the hollow support shaft of the casing for forming an axial flow pump in the second flow path.

A blood processing apparatus includes a housing, a shell, a fiber bundle, and an elastic tube. The housing has a blood inlet and a blood outlet and the shell is situated in the housing and configured to receive blood through the blood inlet. The shell includes a surface and one or more apertures extending through the surface to permit the blood to flow to an exterior of the shell. The fiber bundle includes gas exchanger hollow fibers situated about the shell such that gas flows through and the blood flows across the gas exchanger hollow fibers. The elastic tube includes a fiber web situated about the fiber bundle and configured to elastically constrain and protect the gas exchanger hollow fibers during the insertion into the housing. The fiber web has a pore size that permits the blood to flow across the fiber web without filtering micro-emboli from the blood.

Hollow fiber membranes in an oxygenator for an extracorporeal blood circulator are coated with an antithrombotic polymeric material. The porous hollow fiber membranes for gas exchange have outer surfaces, inner surfaces forming lumens, opening portions through which the outer surfaces communicate with the inner surfaces in a housing. A blood flow path is outside of the hollow fiber membrane bundle in the housing, between a blood inlet port and a blood outlet port. The coating is obtained by filling the blood flow path with a colloidal solution containing an antithrombotic polymeric compound, and moving the colloid solution between the blood inlet port and the blood outlet port for a time that coats a predetermined amount of antithrombotic polymeric compound on the outer surfaces of the hollow fiber membranes. Other surfaces within the oxygenator contacting the blood flow likewise receive the coating.

A hollow-fiber-type blood processing device and methods for its manufacture include a hollow fiber membrane bundle which is obtained by bundling a large number of hollow fiber membranes into a columnar shape. A sheet body is mounted on an outer peripheral portion of the hollow fiber membrane bundle. The sheet body is expandable as a result of being woven from a sheet material. An inner diameter of the sheet body in a natural state where no external force is applied to the sheet body is smaller than the outer diameter of the hollow fiber membrane bundle.

The preset invention discloses an artificial heart and lung apparatus (100) including a roller pump (120); a blood removal line (101); a first blood transfer line (104); a blood removal rate sensor (111) and a control unit (140) that performs linked control of the roller pump (120) in correspondence with a blood removal rate. The control unit (140) is capable of detecting that the blood removal rate deviates from a blood removal condition set in advance, and out-of-set condition blood removal is performed.