In a communication system with redundant paths which can ensure the reliability and maintain time-sensitive communications (TSC), a first host and a second host communicate through a plurality of communication paths. In the event of a past or current communication failure in any of the plurality of communication paths, mobility of communication terminals in communication paths other than the any of the plurality of communication paths is restricted.

Embodiments of this application provide a network operation and maintenance method, to resolve a problem that a mainly manual network operation and maintenance method has high costs and low operation and maintenance efficiency. The method includes: A network intelligent unit obtains first network data, performs training based on the first network data to obtain a data model, and deploys the data model. The data model is a first model, a second model, or a third model. The first model is used to determine a network control instruction to be sent to an operation support system. The second model is used to determine a network control instruction to be sent to an element/network management system. The third model is used to determine a network control instruction to be sent to a network element.

An obstacle recognition method and apparatus, and a related device are provided. The method includes: obtaining an actual path loss value between a first AP and a second AP, path loss value pairs between a terminal and a plurality of AP pairs, and path loss values of the plurality of AP pairs; obtaining, based on the path loss value pairs between the terminal and the plurality of AP pairs, an AP pair similar to an AP pair formed by the first AP and the second AP; obtaining a second path loss value between the first AP and the second AP based on a path loss value of the similar AP pair; and comparing the second path loss value between the first AP and the second AP with the actual path loss value, to determine whether an obstacle exists between the first AP and the second AP.

A networked electronic system and method are provided. The system includes a hub primary radio being defined within a primary communication path. The primary communication path has an operational state wherein data is transmittable therethrough and a fault state. Communication of data between a device primary radio of an electronic device and the hub primary radio through a primary communication path is monitored such that communication of the data is transferred to a secondary communication path between a device secondary radio of the device and a hub secondary radio in response to detection of a fault state on the primary communication path. The secondary communication path has a different frequency than the primary communication path. The system may be a monitoring system, and the device may be a monitoring device such as an imaging device including a camera.

Disclosed are systems and methods for a robust Self-Organizing Network (SON) framework that quantifies SON applications' control and management of a network into key performance indicators (KPI) that are leveraged to determine the impact of a SON's application effectiveness in regulating network parameters, which then dictates how the SON application operates. The disclosed framework is configured to receive multiple data streams from existing data sources, determine the performance of a node on a network, and then automatically perform SON operations based therefrom. The disclosed framework can utilize this information to predict additional and/or future opportunities for SON automation on the network.

This application provides a client device, a method, and a computer program. The client device obtains a first parameter associated with a radio link failure timer. The first parameter indicates a first time period during which the radio link failure timer is reset and thereafter started. The client device further obtains a second parameter associated with the radio link failure timer. The second parameter indicates a second time period during which the radio link failure timer is started and thereafter reset. Based on the first parameter and the second parameter, the client device determines a value of the radio link failure timer.

This application provides a client device, a method, and a computer program. The client device obtains a first parameter associated with a radio link failure timer. The first parameter indicates a first time period during which the radio link failure timer is reset and thereafter started. The client device further obtains a second parameter associated with the radio link failure timer. The second parameter indicates a second time period during which the radio link failure timer is started and thereafter reset. Based on the first parameter and the second parameter, the client device determines a value of the radio link failure timer.

Systems, methods, and apparatuses for performing a beam recovery procedure using a second CC are disclosed. A UE may perform a beam recovery procedure using two component carriers (CCs): for example, first component carrier may be a beam formed millimeter wave (MMW) carrier having a beam recovery procedure and second component carrier may be an assisting carrier such as a sub-6 GHz carrier or a different MMW carrier. In a first example, a UE may trigger beam recovery for first component carrier (on second component carrier), generate a beam measurement report, and transmit the beam report on resources allocated for uplink transmission on second component carrier. In a second example, a new scheduling request (SR) may be defined on first component carrier for second component carrier beam recovery. In a third example, RACH resources or procedures on second component carrier may be used to perform the beam recovery for first component carrier.

Systems, methods, and apparatuses for performing a beam recovery procedure using a second CC are disclosed. A UE may perform a beam recovery procedure using two component carriers (CCs): for example, first component carrier may be a beam formed millimeter wave (MMW) carrier having a beam recovery procedure and second component carrier may be an assisting carrier such as a sub-6 GHz carrier or a different MMW carrier. In a first example, a UE may trigger beam recovery for first component carrier (on second component carrier), generate a beam measurement report, and transmit the beam report on resources allocated for uplink transmission on second component carrier. In a second example, a new scheduling request (SR) may be defined on first component carrier for second component carrier beam recovery. In a third example, RACH resources or procedures on second component carrier may be used to perform the beam recovery for first component carrier.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for selecting a public land mobile network (PLMN) by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system comprises: in a manual network selection mode, displaying one or more first PLMN items corresponding to one or more first PLMNs on a display of the UE; when an input for a second PLMN item among the one or more PLMN items is received, controlling a communication module of the UE to attempt to register the UE on a second PLMN corresponding to the second PLMN item; when the registration on the second PLMN fails, providing access to restricted local operator service (RLOS), and displaying, on the display, one or more third PLMN items corresponding to one or more third PLMNs included in an RLOS PLMN list configured in a universal subscriber identity module (USIM) of the UE; and when an input for a fourth PLMN item among the one or more third PLMN items is received, controlling the communication module to initiate registration for access to the RLOS of a fourth PLMN corresponding to the fourth PLMN item, whereby it is possible to use not only excellent but also highly secure RLOS.