A measurement method includes obtaining, by a terminal device, a plurality of pieces of information including first information and/or second information, where the first information is used to indicate that at least one quality value of a radio link between the terminal device and a network device is less than or equal to a first threshold, and the second information is used to indicate that the at least one quality value of the radio link between the terminal device and the network device is greater than or equal to a second threshold; and determining, based on the first information and/or the second information, whether to perform radio link monitoring (RLM) measurement relaxation.

Techniques and apparatuses are described for generating an end-to-end machine-learning configuration for wireless networks. An end-to-end machine-learning controller determines an end-to-end machine-learning configuration for processing information exchanged through an end-to-end communication in a wireless network. The end-to-end machine-learning controller obtains capabilities of one or more devices that are utilized in the end-to-end communication. The end-to-end machine-learning controller determines the end-to-end machine-learning configuration for processing the information exchanged through the end-to-end communication, and directs the one or more devices to process the information exchanged through the end-to-end communication by forming one or more deep neural networks based on the end-to-end machine-learning configuration.

There is provided mechanisms for classifying microwave link data of a microwave system comprises a point-to-point wireless microwave link. A method is performed by a controller entity. The method comprises obtaining, in time windows, microwave link data in terms of signal quality measurement values and received power values for the point-to-point wireless microwave link. The method comprises classifying per time window, the microwave link data per time window to operating conditions in a set of operating conditions by, from the signal quality measurement values and received power values per time window, estimating probability values for each of the operating conditions according to a mapping, as learned through training, between pieces of microwave link data and operating conditions.

An apparatus of a management service equipment includes processing circuitry. To configure the management service equipment for E2E performance measurements in a 5G network with a plurality of network functions (NFs), the processing circuitry is to decode RAN latency received from a RAN within the 5G network. The RAN latency is associated with transmission of an Internet protocol (IP) packet between a UE and a data network (DN) via the RAN. A user plane function (UPF) latency associated with communication of the IP packet between the RAN and a UPF within the 5G network is determined. A DN latency associated with communication of the IP packet between the UPF and the DN is determined. An E2E performance measurement calculation is performed to determine an E2E latency associated with communicating the IP packet between the UE and the DN based on the RAN latency, the UPF latency, and the DN latency.

An apparatus of a management service equipment includes processing circuitry. To configure the management service equipment for E2E performance measurements in a 5G network with a plurality of network functions (NFs), the processing circuitry is to decode RAN latency received from a RAN within the 5G network. The RAN latency is associated with transmission of an Internet protocol (IP) packet between a UE and a data network (DN) via the RAN. A user plane function (UPF) latency associated with communication of the IP packet between the RAN and a UPF within the 5G network is determined. A DN latency associated with communication of the IP packet between the UPF and the DN is determined. An E2E performance measurement calculation is performed to determine an E2E latency associated with communicating the IP packet between the UE and the DN based on the RAN latency, the UPF latency, and the DN latency.

An UE transmits at least one UE configuration parameter to a base station comprising at least one preferred parameter for a UE configuration, e.g., in addition to a preferred setting for a delay budget report. The UE then receives a configuration from the base station based, at least in part, on the at least one UE configuration parameter transmitted to the base station. Additionally, a base station receives the at least one UE configuration parameter from a UE comprising at least one preferred parameter for a UE configuration, e.g., in addition to a preferred setting for a delay budget report. The base station then configures the UE using the at least one UE configuration parameter received from the UE.

An UE transmits at least one UE configuration parameter to a base station comprising at least one preferred parameter for a UE configuration, e.g., in addition to a preferred setting for a delay budget report. The UE then receives a configuration from the base station based, at least in part, on the at least one UE configuration parameter transmitted to the base station. Additionally, a base station receives the at least one UE configuration parameter from a UE comprising at least one preferred parameter for a UE configuration, e.g., in addition to a preferred setting for a delay budget report. The base station then configures the UE using the at least one UE configuration parameter received from the UE.

Various embodiments of the invention describe systems, devices and methods used to improve network topology connectivity by implementing throughput analysis between an access point and a plurality of extenders. This throughput analysis may include measurements such as interference and load values. Various embodiments of the invention may also implement band-steering between wireless channels.

A method includes: a first terminal device receives first information from a network device, where the first information includes an indication information of a first unicast connection and a reference signal configuration corresponding to the first unicast connection, the reference signal configuration is used by the first terminal device to send a reference signal to a second terminal device; and the first terminal device sends the reference signal to the second terminal device on a sidelink based on the reference signal configuration.

A method for determining a location is performed by a user equipment (UE), and includes: determining a location relationship of the UE with respect to a serving cell according to a measured positioning measurement result of a wireless signal transmitted by an aerial access network equipment in the serving cell, wherein the positioning measurement result indicates a location relationship of the UE with respect to the aerial access network equipment.