A control link switch method is employed by a wireless fidelity (WI-FI) multi-link device (MLD). The control link switch method includes: sending a request frame to another WI-FI MLD for requesting a switch process of switching a current control link to a new control link, and receiving a response frame from another WI-FI MLD. After the response frame is received, the new control link is selectively enabled at the WI-FI MLD.

A control link switch method is employed by a wireless fidelity (WI-FI) multi-link device (MLD). The control link switch method includes: sending a request frame to another WI-FI MLD for requesting a switch process of switching a current control link to a new control link, and receiving a response frame from another WI-FI MLD. After the response frame is received, the new control link is selectively enabled at the WI-FI MLD.

There is provided mechanisms for providing wireless network access to an external wide area network. A method is performed by a user terminal device. The method includes establishing a wireless connection to a gateway device located in a vehicle. The user terminal device is identified as a client to the gateway device. The user terminal device uses the gateway device as gateway for all data traffic exchanged between the user terminal device and the external wide area network. The method includes establishing wireless network access for the gateway device to the external wide area network. The gateway device is operatively connected to the external wide area network via the user terminal device. The user terminal device bridges all data traffic communicated between the gateway device and the external wide area network.

There is provided mechanisms for providing wireless network access to an external wide area network. A method is performed by a user terminal device. The method includes establishing a wireless connection to a gateway device located in a vehicle. The user terminal device is identified as a client to the gateway device. The user terminal device uses the gateway device as gateway for all data traffic exchanged between the user terminal device and the external wide area network. The method includes establishing wireless network access for the gateway device to the external wide area network. The gateway device is operatively connected to the external wide area network via the user terminal device. The user terminal device bridges all data traffic communicated between the gateway device and the external wide area network.

This application provide a vehicle communication method performed by an electronic toll collection (ETC) system. The ETC system includes an ETC roadside unit (RSU) and an ETC onboard unit (OBU), and the vehicle communication method includes: establishing, when an ETC OBU of any vehicle is detected, a connection between the ETC OBU and the ETC RSU; performing ETC billing on the vehicle through the ETC RSU after the ETC RSU establishes the connection with the ETC OBU; and performing, after the ETC RSU performs ETC billing, vehicle communication message interaction with the ETC OBU through the ETC RSU via the connection with the ETC OBU when the ETC OBU is still within a communication range of the ETC RSU.

This application provide a vehicle communication method performed by an electronic toll collection (ETC) system. The ETC system includes an ETC roadside unit (RSU) and an ETC onboard unit (OBU), and the vehicle communication method includes: establishing, when an ETC OBU of any vehicle is detected, a connection between the ETC OBU and the ETC RSU; performing ETC billing on the vehicle through the ETC RSU after the ETC RSU establishes the connection with the ETC OBU; and performing, after the ETC RSU performs ETC billing, vehicle communication message interaction with the ETC OBU through the ETC RSU via the connection with the ETC OBU when the ETC OBU is still within a communication range of the ETC RSU.

A method and apparatus for selective connection establishment for a broadcast-multicast service in a wireless communication system is provided. A wireless device receives bandwidth information for a broadcast-multicast service. A wireless device determines whether a connection to receive the broadcast-multicast service is required or not, based on the bandwidth information. A wireless device receives the broadcast-multicast service based on the determination.

A method and apparatus for selective connection establishment for a broadcast-multicast service in a wireless communication system is provided. A wireless device receives bandwidth information for a broadcast-multicast service. A wireless device determines whether a connection to receive the broadcast-multicast service is required or not, based on the bandwidth information. A wireless device receives the broadcast-multicast service based on the determination.

A method and a device for session setup and handover in a wireless communication system are provided. The method comprises receiving, from a second node, a message comprising a single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAI) of a protocol data unit (PDU) session; and allocating session resources for the PDU session based on the message received from the second node, wherein, in case that the S-NSSAI of the PDU session is supported by the first node, the session resources for the PDU session includes resources related to the S-NSSAI of the PDU session, and wherein, in case that the S-NSSAI of the PDU session is unsupported by the first node or the resources related to the S-NSSAI are unavailable or overloaded, the session resources for the PDU session includes other available resources for the PDU session.

A method and a device for session setup and handover in a wireless communication system are provided. The method comprises receiving, from a second node, a message comprising a single network slice selection assistance information (S-NSSAI) of a protocol data unit (PDU) session; and allocating session resources for the PDU session based on the message received from the second node, wherein, in case that the S-NSSAI of the PDU session is supported by the first node, the session resources for the PDU session includes resources related to the S-NSSAI of the PDU session, and wherein, in case that the S-NSSAI of the PDU session is unsupported by the first node or the resources related to the S-NSSAI are unavailable or overloaded, the session resources for the PDU session includes other available resources for the PDU session.