An infrared emitter is provided. The infrared emitter includes a substrate made of an electrically insulating material. The substrate includes a surface that contacts a printed conductor made of a resistor material that is electrically conducting and generates heat when current flows through it. The electrically insulating material includes an amorphous matrix component into which an additional component is embedded that absorbs in the spectral range of infrared radiation. At least a part of the surface is configured with a cover layer made of porous glass, whereby the printed conductor is embedded, at least in part, in the cover layer.

A heater system for an LED light assembly having a lens includes a flexible composite positioned around an outer surface of the lens. The flexible composite includes a polymer base layer, a plurality of conductive buses provided on the base layer, and a resistive layer electrically connecting the plurality of buses to form a circuit. The resistive layer includes conductor particles dispersed in a polymer matrix. The resistive layer has a crystalline first condition prior to applying electricity to one of the buses and an amorphous second condition in response to applying electricity to one of the buses.

The present invention is a method for vaporizing concentrate that will substantially eliminate general or localized burning of concentrate during the vaporization process and a vaporizer device adapted for carrying out the vaporization method. The vaporization method is based on heating concentrate that has been absorbed into a frit, preferably fritted glass. Fritted glass is characterized by open-pore interstices that allow free passage of fluid through the frit. It is commonly used as a filtering element, particularly in high-temperature applications. It is discovered that concentrate placed in contact with fritted glass is absorbed through capillary action. The concentrate at room temperature may not readily seep fully into fritted glass, as concentrate is heated its viscosity is reduced such that it is readily absorbed by the fritted glass and upon further heating the fritted glass and absorbed concentrate, the vapor of the concentrate is generated for inhalation.

The heating film including: a transparent substrate; a coating layer provided on the transparent substrate and having a refractive index of 1.450 to 1.485; and a metal foil pattern provided on the coating layer, in which a ten-point average roughness (Rz) of a surface of the metal foil pattern is more than 0.9 m.

A heating assembly for a cooking appliance, such as a toaster or oven, has a support and/or heating element with a curved shape having a concave side facing a cooking cavity. The support and/or heating element may be flexible, e.g., having a planar shape when unstressed and a curved shape when stressed. The support and/or heating element may define a sheet, e.g., having a length and width. The heating element may have openings in the sheet. The heating element may be coupled to the support so as to be slidable movable relative to the support, e.g., so the heating element can slide relative to the support when the support and heating element are bent into a curved shape.

A fluidic chip comprising: a sealing layer having an upper surface and a lower surface; and a formed part comprising a generally planar body having a lower surface sealed with the upper surface of the sealing layer, the generally planar body having a number of through holes and a number of wells in fluid communication with the number of through holes, wherein together with the upper surface of the sealing layer, the number of through holes and the number of wells respectively define a number of fluid inlets and a number of fluid chambers in fluid connection with each other in the fluidic chip.

Provided is an image forming apparatus including a temperature sensing circuit to which a temperature sensing element is electrically connected, wherein a surface of a heater on a side where the temperature sensing element is provided is in contact with the inner surface of a film, a heating element is provided in a primary side circuit which is electrically connected to a commercial power supply, and the temperature sensing circuit is electrically insulated from both of the primary side circuit and a secondary side circuit which is electrically insulated from the primary side circuit.

A laminar heater with an electrically conductive laminar heating element having a pair of electrically conductive busbars disposed adjacent opposite ends of the heating element and at least a first area having a plurality of perforations with a generally polygonal geometry. Embodiments include those with Y-shaped perforations, including some with one prong diverging into a bulbous, optionally diamond-shaped, end, and those defined by an array of generally diamond shaped perforations intermeshed with an array of circular shaped perforations. Processes of manufacture and installation, heating systems including such heaters, and multi-ply embodiments having non-metal plies and an outer metal surface layer, are also disclosed.

A method for producing a high-temperature includes forming a dimensionally stable green body of the high-temperature component from a matrix material and pyrolizing the matrix material. A material mixture of the matrix material with a carbon material is used to form the high-temperature component, and a thermoplastic is used as the matrix material. The green body is formed by additive manufacturing.

A laminated glass for a vehicle includes a first glass plate, a second glass plate, an interlayer, a first busbar and a second busbar arranged such that a visible area is interposed in a predetermined direction between the first busbar and the second busbar, a plurality of electric heating wires arranged in the visible area to generate heat with a voltage applied by the first busbar and the second busbar, and a third busbar arranged at an opposite side of the visible area from the second busbar, wherein the third busbar and the first busbar are arranged such that an information acquisition area is interposed in the predetermined direction between the third busbar and the first busbar, and at least one of the electric heating wires is arranged in the information acquisition area to generate heat with a voltage applied by the third busbar and the first busbar.