A heat transfer assembly includes a sheath which in one embodiment is elliptical in cross-section and in another embodiment has a complex cross-section with flat wall sections and curved wall sections. The sheath is elastically deformable so as to accept a heat transfer element sub-assembly. Once installed, the sheath holds the sub-assembly in place by an interference fit.

A PTC heating module for a battery-operated motor vehicle may include a first and a second electrode, and a plurality of PTC elements. The first and second electrodes may be configured to be electrically conductive. The plurality of PTC elements may be arranged between the first and second electrodes and may be spaced apart from one another in a longitudinal direction of the PTC heating module. The first and second electrodes may be connected to the plurality of PTC elements. At least one of the first and second electrodes may be subdivided into at least two electrode tracks. The at least two electrode tracks may be electrically isolated from one another. Each of the at least two electrode tracks may be connected to the plurality of PTC elements.

The present invention involves calibrating a control system to enable resistance-based control of a heat tracing circuit, that includes characterizing a piece of heat trace to determine a relationship between resistance and temperature, allowing for more precise control. Also described are different methods for practical resistance-based control of a heat trace system. Further described are several methods to monitor heat trace: including methods to enhance monitoring capabilities using a system operating model; comparison to historical operating data; and inclusion of information from external sources. Also provided is a method by which a piece of heat trace of unknown length and power factor can be controlled using the resistance-based method when other system information is available.

The present disclosure relates to an aerosol generation device and a heating assembly thereof. The heating assembly includes an electrically conductive external tube, an electrical resistance circuit disposed in the external tube and having an electrode electrically connected with the external tube, a first electrode lead wire in electrical connection with the external tube, and a second electrode lead wire in electrical connection with an opposite electrode of the electrical resistance circuit. The external tube is electrically conductive, and electrode lead wires that are needed for the electrical resistance circuit and the temperature detection circuit are led out via the external tube. Such a structural configuration can help to reduce the number of electrode lead wires needed for the heating assembly and to increase the distance among each of the electrode lead wires.

Electric fluid heater for a vehicle, including a heating block with an inlet and an outlet for the fluid, a first channel for the fluid intended to flow between the inlet and the outlet, a first tube and a second tube with opposing ends mounted in headers, the tubes having heating elements. The first channel is delimited by a top plate and a bottom plate sealingly connected to the first tube, the second tube and the headers.

The disclosure provides an apparatus, system and method of providing a flexible heater on at least one conformable substrate of a medical fluid bag. The disclosed embodiments may include providing a matched function ink set, printed onto at least one substantially planar face of the at least one substrate to form at least: at least one conductive layer capable of receiving current flow from at least one power source; at least one resistive layer electrically associated with the at least one conductive layer and comprising a plurality of heating elements capable of generating heat upon receipt of the current flow; and at least one dielectric layer capable of at least partially insulating the at least one resistive layer.

A vapor generation device and an infrared emitter is provided. The vapor generation device includes a housing, where the housing is internally provided with: a cavity, configured to receive an inhalable material; an infrared emitter, including an infrared emission material, where the infrared emission material is configured to heat the inhalable material by radiating an infrared ray; a temperature sensing material, formed on the infrared emitter and insulated from the infrared emission material, where the temperature sensing material has a positive or negative resistance-temperature coefficient; and a circuit, configured to obtain a resistance value of the temperature sensing material and determine a temperature of the infrared emitter from the resistance value. The temperature of the infrared emitter can be determined by printing or depositing a temperature sensing material with a temperature sensor function on the infrared emitter itself and detecting the resistance of the temperature sensing material.

A conveyance device to convey a recording medium includes a heater, a first temperature detector, a second temperature detector, and a recording medium detector. The heater heats the recording medium. The first temperature detector and the second temperature detector detect a temperature of the heater. The recording medium detector detects the recording medium. The first temperature detector is disposed at a position farther from a center position of a heating region of the heater than the second temperature detector in a conveyance orthogonal direction. The conveyance orthogonal direction is along a surface of the recording medium and orthogonal to a direction in which the recording medium is conveyed. The recording medium detector is disposed on a side opposite to the first temperature detector with respect to the second temperature detector in the conveyance orthogonal direction.

An article comprising a heater that comprises a high-resistance magnification (HRM) PTC ink deposited on a flexible substrate to form one or more resistors. The HRM PTC ink has a resistance magnification of at least 20 in a temperature range of at least 20 degrees Celsius above a switching temperature of the ink, the resistance magnification being defined as a ratio between a resistance of the double-resin ink at a temperature ‘T’ and a resistance of the double-resin ink at 25 degrees Celsius.

A PTC heating element for an electric heating device includes frame which is made of electrically non-conductive material and which encloses at least one PTC element, conductor tracks electrically connected to the PTC element, and insulating layers bearing, in a heat-conductive manner, against an oppositely disposed main side surface of the PTC element. The frame has contact strips which project over itself and which are electrically conductively connected to the conductor tracks for energizing the PTC element with different polarities. In order to provide an electrically well-insulated PTC heating element allows good heat coupling, s a film respectively covers the outer surfaces of the insulating layers. A corresponding PTC heating element may be provided in a circulation chamber of the electric heating device. In this case, the conductor tracks are electrically connected to the PTC element, protrude through a partition wall of the electric heating device, and are exposed and electrically connected in a connection chamber. The connection chamber is separated by the partition wall from the circulation chamber.