A correction data creating method is provided. In the method, a source voltage is sequentially selected among a plurality of source voltages determined in advance and the selected source voltage is supplied to a heater for heating a substrate support. At the source voltage supplied to the heater, a power supplied to the heater is adjusted such that a resistance of the heater becomes a resistance value corresponding to a predetermined first temperature based on temperature conversion data indicating a relationship between the resistance of the heater and a temperature of the heater. A temperature of the substrate support is measured at a position where the heater is disposed as a second temperature. A correction value corresponding to the difference between the predetermined first temperature and the second temperature is calculated, and correction data indicating a corresponding relationship between each of the source voltages and the correction value is created.

There is provided a technique that includes: a heat generator installed for each of control zones and configured to raise an internal temperature of a reaction tube by heat generation; a circuit configured to equalize resistance values in the respective control zones, wherein the circuit is a parallel circuit and is configured such that an output variable element is installed in one or more of output circuits constituting the parallel circuit.

An electric radiator heating device (10) intended to be electrically connected to an electrical power source comprises an enclosure consisting, at least in part, of a metal casing (11), at least one radiant heater (12, 12a, 12b) implanted in the metal casing (11), N at least one first shielded element (15) consisting of a first type of resistive body capable of generating heat when it is supplied with an alternating electric current and at least one second shielded element (16) consisting of a second resistive body capable of generating heat when it is powered by a direct electric current. Said at least one first shielded element (15) and said at least one second shielded element (16) are embedded in the material (17, 17a, 17b) of said at least one radiant heater (12, 12a, 12b).

A method of regulating a temperature of a fluid within a hose of a fluid dispensing system includes passing the fluid through the hose and across a heating element. A temperature of the fluid in the hose is sensed by the heating element. The sensed temperature of the fluid in the hose is compared to a reference temperature. An input of the heating element is adjusted in response to the comparison of the sensed temperature of the fluid in the hose to the reference temperature such that the temperature of the fluid is adjusted towards the reference temperature.

A heating element for a cooking appliance includes terminals that act as electrically conductive contact points. One or more buses are arranged between the terminals, and connect one or more heating element segments in a zig-zag configuration. The heating element segments are connected in series and are arranged parallel with one another. Each heating element segment includes a plurality of cutouts linked together and having an elliptical shape. The terminals, heating element segments, and buses are a continuous single sheet of conductive material. A method of making the heating element includes forming a pattern into the sheet of conductive material by etching the pattern into the conductive sheet using photolithography.

A display module includes: a heating circuit, a gating circuit and a plurality of heating lines. The heating circuit includes a first type of heating signal output terminal and a second type of heating signal output terminal, and the gating circuit includes a gating unit. The first type of heating signal output terminal is electrically connected to a first type of signal input terminal of the gating unit, and a first type of signal output terminal of the gating unit is electrically connected to a first terminal of a heating line; and/or the second type of heating signal output terminal is electrically connected to a second type of signal input terminal of the gating unit, and a second type of signal output terminal of the gating unit is electrically connected to a second terminal of the heating line.

This disclosure relates to a heat sensitive electrical safety device with a manually resettable device and an automatically resettable fuse. The manually settable fuse prolongs the serviceable life of the automatically resettable fuse.

A treatment system that includes a pair of jaws and a heater resistor provided on one jaw of the pair of jaws that generates heat by energization. The system also includes a heating device that controls a current to set a resistance value of the heater resistor to a target resistance value. The heating device includes a double bridge circuit allowing current to flow between the heating device and the heater resister when detecting, by the detection resister, a difference between the resistance value of the heater resistor and the predetermined target resistance value. The heating device including a power supply voltage generator that generates a power supply voltage to be applied to the heater resistor and the double bridge circuit, a controller that modulates the generated power supply voltage, and a heater resistance detector that detects an AC component from the current flowing through the detection resistor.

A heating device includes a base, resistance heating elements, a power control circuit, a first temperature detector, a second temperature detector, a power interrupter, and control circuitry. The resistance heating elements are arranged in a longitudinal direction of the base and electrically connected in parallel. The first detector detects a temperature of a first resistance heating element. The second detector detects a temperature of a second resistance heating element. The power interrupter interrupts power supplied to the resistance heating elements when the temperature of the second resistance heating element becomes a predetermined temperature or more. The control circuitry controls the circuit such that a temperature of each resistance heating element becomes a predetermined temperature, based on a result of detection of the first detector, and interrupts the power supplied to the resistance heating elements when the second detector detects predetermined temperature information regarding the second resistance heating element.

The present invention relates to a rapid low-temperature self-heating method and device for a battery. Active controllable large-current lossless short-circuit self-heating cooperates with an external heater to implement rapid composite heating, so that a battery is rapidly heated in a low-temperature environment and is controlled to fall within an optimal working temperature interval, so as to improve energy utilization of the battery and durability of a battery system. Before the battery system is started, battery temperature is first determined; when the temperature is less than a threshold, an external short-circuit is first proactively triggered to generate a large current to implement self-heating inside the battery. A method for determining a large-current lossless short-circuit time threshold is disclosed. A lossless time threshold of an external short-circuit of a battery is constructed according to a critical time and a second current peak of the short-circuit, ensuring that the service life and safety of the battery are not affected during rapid short-circuit heating; further, a temperature rise of lossless short-circuit self-heating of the battery is estimated based on a model, where if the temperature rise does not reach target temperature, the external heater is started for cooperative work, to make temperature of the battery system rise and kept in the optimal working temperature interval. The method is simple, easy to implement, and safe and reliable, and can effectively resolve a problem that an electric vehicle has large capacity degradation and poor working performance in a low-temperature severe cold working condition.