Apparatuses, systems and methods of providing heat to enable an FDM additive manufacturing nozzle having refined print control and enhanced printing speed. The heating element may include at least one sheath sized to fittedly engage around an outer circumference of the FDM printer nozzle; at least one wire coil at least partially contacting an inner diameter of the sheath; and at least one energy receiver associated with the at least one wire coil.

Apparatuses, systems and methods of providing heat to enable an FDM additive manufacturing nozzle having refined print control and enhanced printing speed. The heating element may include at least one sheath sized to fittedly engage around an outer circumference of the FDM printer nozzle; at least one wire coil at least partially contacting an inner diameter of the sheath; and at least one energy receiver associated with the at least one wire coil.

Apparatuses, systems and methods of providing heat to enable an FDM additive manufacturing nozzle having refined print control and enhanced printing speed. The heating element may include at least one sheath sized to fittedly engage around an outer circumference of the FDM printer nozzle; at least one wire coil at least partially contacting an inner diameter of the sheath; and at least one energy receiver associated with the at least one wire coil.

A fluid conduit assembly that includes a fluid conduit comprising a tubular member extending between at least a first end and a second end is disclosed. The tubular member has an inner surface configured to convey a fluid and an outer surface. A heater trace is deposited on the outer surface of the fluid conduit and configured, in use, to heat the fluid within the inner surface of the fluid conduit. An insulation shell is located over the heater trace and configured to suppress heat losses from the fluid conduit. An interconnect device is located proximate to each of the first end and the second end on the fluid conduit. A portion of the interconnect device extends through the insulation shell to electrically connect the heater trace to one or more external devices. Fluid transport systems including the fluid conduit assembly are also disclosed.

Redundant heating systems include a plurality of heating circuits to heat a region. Heating circuits include a temperature sensor to sense a temperature of the region, a heating element, a temperature controller to provide power to the heating element based on the sensed temperature of the region, and a latching thermostat in series with the heating element. The latching thermostat consumes power supplied by the temperature controller to the heating element in response to a temperature of the latching thermostat reaching an open latch threshold temperature.

Composite airfoils of the present disclosure comprise a root section including a first surface. The airfoils comprise an intermediate section having a first surface and coupled with the root section at a first end. The airfoils comprise a tip section having a first surface and coupled at a first end with a second end of the intermediate section. The airfoils comprise a conductive material layer adjacent at least one of the first surface of the root section, the first surface of the intermediate section, and the first surface of the tip section. The conductive material comprises a first polymer, a second polymer, and a sulfonic acid.

The present invention relates to a substrate heating apparatus. More specifically, the present invention relates to a substrate heating apparatus including a first heating element located in an inner region of the substrate heating apparatus, a second heating element located in an outer region, and a third heating element supplying current to the second heating element passing through the inner region, wherein the diameter of a wire constituting the third heating element is thicker than the diameter of a wire constituting the second heating element, thereby inhibiting the generation of an overheating region by the heating of the third heating element.

A heater includes a first conducting pin, a second conducting pin, and a plurality of resistance coils. Each resistance coil includes a first end connected to the first conducting pin and a second end connected to the second conducting pin. At least one resistance coil among the plurality of resistance coils has a continuously variable pitch. In one form, the plurality of resistance coils are connected in a parallel circuit with the first and second conducting pin. A first resistance coil among the plurality of resistance coils may have a diameter that is different than a second resistance coil among the plurality of resistance coils.

A method of manufacturing an aerosol provision apparatus for heating smokable material to volatilise at least one component of the smokable material, and said aerosol provision apparatus is described. The method comprises providing a heater arrangement (23) for heating smokable material contained in use within the apparatus (1), the heater arrangement comprising at least a first heating zone (220) and a second heating zone (230) for heating different portions of the smokable material, providing a temperature sensor (320, 330) for each of the first and second heating zones, each temperature sensor for providing temperature measurements to be used as input temperature measurements for a temperature control loop, the control loop for controlling the heater arrangement to heat its associated respective heating zone to a target temperature based on the input temperature measurements acquired by the associated temperature sensor, and positioning each temperature sensor in its associated heating zone at a respective position selected so that if the heating arrangement were to heat the first and second heating zones so that the temperature sensors measure the same pre-selected target temperature, a temperature gradient across the length of the heating zones between the temperature sensors would be optimised as being substantially flat.

This application relates to a heating module and a heating glass panel. In one aspect the heating glass panel may include glass substrates and a heating module positioned between the glass substrates. The heating module may include a planar heating element, multiple busbars electrically connected to tire planar heating element, and a power supply module that provides power selectively to the multiple busbars. The power supply module may supply power selectively to some of the busbars to thereby selectively generate heat in certain zones of the planar heating element