A connection FPC 75 includes a plurality of metal wires 750 between a support layer 751 and a covering layer 752, and an exposed region including contacts 753 serving as end portions of the metal wires 750 is exposed from the covering layer 752. A bending-position guide 760 is provided on the surface of the support layer 751 opposite from the surface on which the metal wires 750 are provided. An edge 760a of the bending-position guide 760 serves as a bending line along which the connection FPC 75 is bent and is disposed in a covering-layer projection area E where the covering layer 752 is projected on the support layer 751. The connection FPC 75 is bent at portions of the metal wires 750 covered with the covering layer 752, that is, at reinforced portions.

Method for electroplating a metal onto a flat substrate P. Surfaces are electrically polarized for metal deposition by feeding thereto at least one first and second forward-reverse pulse current sequences. The first forward-reverse pulse current sequence includes a first forward pulse generating a first cathodic current during a first forward pulse duration t.sub.f1 and having a first forward pulse peak current i.sub.f1, and a first reverse pulse generating a first anodic current during a first reverse pulse duration t.sub.r1 and having a first reverse pulse peak current i.sub.r1, the second forward-reverse pulse current sequence including a second forward pulse generating a second cathodic current during a second forward pulse duration t.sub.f2 and having a second forward pulse peak current i.sub.f2, and a second reverse pulse generating a second anodic current during a second reverse pulse duration t.sub.r2, the second reverse pulse having a second reverse pulse peak current i.sub.r2.

A method for manufacturing a ceramic substrate containing glass includes a firing step in which an unfired silver-based conductor material is disposed on an unfired ceramic layer and is fired. The unfired silver-based conductor material contains at least one of a metal boride and a metal silicide.

A method for manufacturing a ceramic substrate containing glass includes a firing step in which an unfired silver-based conductor material is disposed on an unfired ceramic layer and is fired. The unfired silver-based conductor material contains at least one of a metal boride and a metal silicide.

A substrate for a printed circuit board according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a base film having insulating properties and a sintered layer formed of a plurality of metal particles, the sintered layer being stacked on at least one surface of the base film, in which a region of the sintered layer extending from an interface between the sintered layer and the base film to a position 500 nm or less from the interface has a porosity of 1% or more and 50% or less.

A multi-layer metal core printed circuit board (MCPCB) has mounted on it at least one or more heat-generating LEDs and one or more devices configured to provide current to the one or more LEDs. The one or more devices may include a device that carries a steep slope voltage waveform. Since there is typically a very thin dielectric between the patterned copper layer and the metal substrate, the steep slope voltage waveform may produce a current in the metal substrate due to AC coupling via parasitic capacitance. This AC-coupled current may produce electromagnetic interference (EMI). To reduce the EMI, a local shielding area may be formed between the metal substrate and the device carrying the steep slope voltage waveform. The local shielding area may be conductive and may be electrically connected, to a DC voltage node adjacent to the one or more devices.

A printed circuit board (PCB) having an engineered thermal path and a method of manufacturing are disclosed herein. In one aspect, the PCB includes complementary cavities formed on opposite sides of the PCB. The complementary cavities are in a thermal communication and/or an electrical communication to form the engineered thermal path and each cavity is filled with a thermally conductive material to provide a thermal pathway for circuits and components of the PCB. The method of manufacturing may further include drilling and/or milling each cavity, panel plating the cavities and filling the cavities with a suitable filling material.

A wiring circuit board includes a metal support substrate, an insulating layer, and a conductive layer in this order in a thickness direction, and has an edge portion extending in a first direction. The edge portion includes a main structure portion and partially includes a partial structure portion. In the main structure portion, the metal support substrate has a substrate extension portion extending outwardly with respect to the insulating layer in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and the thickness direction. In the partial structure portion, the insulating layer has an insulating layer extension portion extending outwardly with respect to the metal support substrate in the second direction.

A method may include obtaining a printed circuit board (PCB) that includes a set of vias that include a set of stub regions. The PCB may include a set of layers perpendicular to the set of vias. The set of layers may include a signal layer and a ground layer. The ground layer may be located between the set of stub regions and the signal layer. The method may include drilling to remove at least a portion of a stub region of a via of the set of vias. The method may include performing an electrical test to determine whether a sliver of conductive material is included within the via after drilling to remove the at least a portion of the stub region of the via.

A circuit board may include a pad board portion comprising one or more pads and a circuit module portion within the pad board portion and comprising a circuit electrically coupled to the one or more pads. The pad board portion and circuit module portion may be arranged such that they can be separated from each other in a manner such that the pad board portion is configured to electrically couple to a circuit module surface mounted to the pad board portion via the one or more pads and the circuit module portion is configured to electrically couple to a pad board via pads of the pad board.