An organic semiconductor device is revealed. The organic semiconductor device includes a first electrode, an electron transport layer, an active layer, a hole transport layer, and a second electrode. The active layer includes an electron donor and at least one electron acceptor. The energy barrier between HOMO level of the electron donor and the energy level of PEDOT:PSS or derivatives in the electron transport layer is less than 0.4 eV. The use of the organic semiconductor device and a formulation of materials for the active layer are also disclosed.

A method of combining different materials to produce the comonomer

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wherein X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of: F, Cl, H, and combinations thereof and wherein R.sub.1 is independently selected from unsubstituted or substituted branched alkyls with 1 to 60 carbon atoms and unsubstituted or substituted linear alkyls with 1 to 60 carbon atoms.

A photovoltaic device (10) comprising a photoactive body between two electrodes (contact 1, contact 2). The body comprises semiconductor particles (24) embedded in a semiconductor matrix (22). The particles and matrix are electronically or optically coupled so that charge carriers generated in the particles are transferred directly or indirectly to the matrix. The matrix transports positive charge carriers to one of the electrodes and negative charge carriers to the other electrode. The particles are configured so that they do not form a charge carrier transport network to either of the electrodes and so perform the function of charge carrier generation but not charge carrier transport.

The invention relates to novel organic semiconducting compounds containing a polycyclic unit, to methods for their preparation and educts or intermediates used therein, to compositions, polymer blends and formulations containing them, to the use of the compounds, compositions and polymer blends as organic semiconductors in, or for the preparation of, organic electronic (OE) devices, especially organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, perovskite-based solar cell (PSC) devices, organic photodetectors (OPD), organic field effect transistors (OFET) and organic light emitting diodes (OLED), and to OE, OPV, PSC, OPD, OFET and OLED devices comprising these compounds, compositions or polymer blends.

A photovoltaic device (10) is provided that comprises serially arranged photovoltaic device cells (10A, 10B). Each cell having a transparent electrode layer region electrical conductors (121A, . . . , 124A) forming an electric contact with the transparent electrode layer region, a photo-voltaic stack portion (14A, 14B) that extends over the transparent electrode region (11A, 11B) and over an insulated portion of the electrical conductors, a further electrode region (15A, 5B) that extends over the photovoltaic stack portion (14A,14B). A further electrode region (15A) of a photovoltaic device cell (10A) extends over electric contacts formed by exposed ends (12B1) of the electrical conductors of a subsequent photovoltaic device cell (10B).

A composition may include a compound, a film may include the composition, an organic layer of an organic sensor and/or photoelectric diode may include the compound, and the film, organic sensor, and/or photoelectric diode may be included in an electronic device.

An image sensor includes an array of readout circuits in non-organic technology and photodiodes made of organic materials.

The present application relates to a photoactive composition comprising a blend of polymers. The present application further relates to an organic photovoltaic cell or an organic photodetector comprising a photoactive layer consisting of said photoactive composition.

An object of the present invention is to provide a photoelectric conversion element excellent in suppression of a change in an external quantum efficiency during a continuous drive. In addition, an imaging element and an optical sensor related to the photoelectric conversion element are provided. The photoelectric conversion element of the present invention includes a conductive film, a photoelectric conversion film, and a transparent conductive film in this order, contains a first compound that has a maximum absorption wavelength at a wavelength of 500 to 620 nm, and that is a compound represented by Formula (1), and contains a second compound that is different from the first compound and that has a maximum absorption wavelength at a wavelength of 450 to 550 nm.

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A sensor-embedded display panel includes a substrate, a light emitting element on the substrate and including a light emitting layer, and a light absorption sensor on the substrate and including a light absorbing layer arranged in parallel with the light emitting layer along an in-plane direction of the substrate. The light absorbing layer is configured to absorb light of a red wavelength spectrum, a green wavelength spectrum, a blue wavelength spectrum, or any combination thereof. The light emitting layer includes a first organic material and the light absorbing layer includes a second organic material. A difference between respective sublimation temperatures of the first and second organic materials is less than or equal to about 150° C., wherein each sublimation temperature is a temperature at which a weight reduction of 10% relative to the initial weight occurs during thermogravimetric analysis under an ambient pressure of about 10 Pa or less.