A method for preparing a perovskite cell with multiple hole transport layers is described. The method includes a process of forming the multiple hole transport layers, where the process of forming the multiple hole transport layers includes the following steps: (1) sputtering a nickel oxide target material in a first atmosphere to form a first hole transport layer, where the first atmosphere contains argon and oxygen, and a volume ratio of the argon to the oxygen is approximately 0:1 to 1.5: 1; (2) performing annealing treatment on the first hole transport layer; and (3) sputtering the nickel oxide target material onto the first hole transport layer subjected to the annealing treatment in a second atmosphere to form a second hole transport layer, where the second atmosphere contains argon-containing gas and oxygen. A perovskite cell (100) with multiple hole transport layers prepared by using the above method is described.

A method for preparing a perovskite cell with multiple hole transport layers is described. The method includes a process of forming the multiple hole transport layers, where the process of forming the multiple hole transport layers includes the following steps: (1) sputtering a nickel oxide target material in a first atmosphere to form a first hole transport layer, where the first atmosphere contains argon and oxygen, and a volume ratio of the argon to the oxygen is approximately 0:1 to 1.5: 1; (2) performing annealing treatment on the first hole transport layer; and (3) sputtering the nickel oxide target material onto the first hole transport layer subjected to the annealing treatment in a second atmosphere to form a second hole transport layer, where the second atmosphere contains argon-containing gas and oxygen. A perovskite cell (100) with multiple hole transport layers prepared by using the above method is described.

A solar cell according to the present disclosure includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer located between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a semiconductor layer located between the first electrode and the photoelectric conversion layer, in which at least one selected from the group consisting of the first electrode and the second electrode is translucent, and the semiconductor layer contains a compound containing Na, Zn, and O.

A perovskite solar cell includes following components provided successively from bottom to top: a transparent conductive glass substrate, a first transport layer, a perovskite layer, a second transport layer, a conductive electrode, and a back plate glass. The perovskite solar cell further includes an encapsulating adhesive. The transparent conductive glass substrate, the back plate glass, and the encapsulating adhesive form an enclosed space. The enclosed space contains a mixture of an inert gas and a methylamine gas, where a volume ratio of the inert gas to the methylamine gas is in a range from 9:1 to 5:5.

A perovskite solar cell includes following components provided successively from bottom to top: a transparent conductive glass substrate, a first transport layer, a perovskite layer, a second transport layer, a conductive electrode, and a back plate glass. The perovskite solar cell further includes an encapsulating adhesive. The transparent conductive glass substrate, the back plate glass, and the encapsulating adhesive form an enclosed space. The enclosed space contains a mixture of an inert gas and a methylamine gas, where a volume ratio of the inert gas to the methylamine gas is in a range from 9:1 to 5:5.

An infrared absorber includes a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1. An infrared absorbing/blocking film, a photoelectric device, an organic sensor, and an electronic device may include the infrared absorber.

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In Chemical Formula 1, Ar, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.11, R.sup.12, R.sup.13, and R.sup.14 are the same as defined in the detailed description.

A solar cell, a preparation method for a solar cell, and a photovoltaic module, relating to the technical field of solar energy photovoltaics. The solar cell includes a crystalline silicon cell unit, and a down-conversion luminescence layer and a perovskite layer sequentially located on the light-facing surface of the crystalline silicon cell unit. The band gap of the perovskite layer becomes gradually smaller in the direction from the light-facing surface to the back surface. The band gap at the back surface of the perovskite layer is greater than or equal to the band gap of an absorption layer of the crystalline silicon cell unit. Because the band gap gradually decreases from large to small, the perovskite layer features a wide absorption spectrum, a long charge carrier free path, higher luminous efficiency, thus being able to broaden the spectral absorption range of the solar cell, and improve energy use and conversion efficiency. The complex processing of multi-layer battery superposition is avoided, the multiple film layer structure is simplified, losses in transmission of charge carriers between film layer interfaces and series structures are avoided, the conversion efficiency of the solar cell is further improved, and the processing difficulty is reduced, facilitating industrial production.

A solar cell, a preparation method for a solar cell, and a photovoltaic module, relating to the technical field of solar energy photovoltaics. The solar cell includes a crystalline silicon cell unit, and a down-conversion luminescence layer and a perovskite layer sequentially located on the light-facing surface of the crystalline silicon cell unit. The band gap of the perovskite layer becomes gradually smaller in the direction from the light-facing surface to the back surface. The band gap at the back surface of the perovskite layer is greater than or equal to the band gap of an absorption layer of the crystalline silicon cell unit. Because the band gap gradually decreases from large to small, the perovskite layer features a wide absorption spectrum, a long charge carrier free path, higher luminous efficiency, thus being able to broaden the spectral absorption range of the solar cell, and improve energy use and conversion efficiency. The complex processing of multi-layer battery superposition is avoided, the multiple film layer structure is simplified, losses in transmission of charge carriers between film layer interfaces and series structures are avoided, the conversion efficiency of the solar cell is further improved, and the processing difficulty is reduced, facilitating industrial production.

Embodiments of this application provide a perovskite solar cell, a preparation method thereof, and an electric device. The perovskite solar cell includes: a back plate; a transparent substrate, where a sealed cavity is formed between the transparent substrate and the back plate; and a perovskite solar cell device, where the perovskite solar cell device is located in the sealed cavity; where the sealed cavity contains ammonia gas having a volume fraction of 10%-100% and residual inert gas. The 10%-100% ammonia gas can improve chemical stability of a perovskite material, thus improving thermal stability of the perovskite solar cell device, and further improving efficiency and service life of the perovskite solar cell.

Embodiments of this application provide a perovskite solar cell, a preparation method thereof, and an electric device. The perovskite solar cell includes: a back plate; a transparent substrate, where a sealed cavity is formed between the transparent substrate and the back plate; and a perovskite solar cell device, where the perovskite solar cell device is located in the sealed cavity; where the sealed cavity contains ammonia gas having a volume fraction of 10%-100% and residual inert gas. The 10%-100% ammonia gas can improve chemical stability of a perovskite material, thus improving thermal stability of the perovskite solar cell device, and further improving efficiency and service life of the perovskite solar cell.