A self-luminous display device includes an anti-reflective film-attached transparent substrate including a transparent substrate and an anti-reflective film on the transparent substrate. The anti-reflective film has a light absorption ability and has a laminated structure in which at least two dielectric layers having different refractive indices are laminated.

Provided is a heterocyclic compound of Chemical Formula 1: ##STR00001## wherein: X.sub.1 is O or S; L.sub.1 is a single bond or an unsubstituted phenylene; L.sub.2 is a single bond, or a substituted or unsubstituted: phenylene, naphthylene, or biphenylenyl; Y.sub.1 to Y.sub.3 are each independently N or CR.sub.3, where at least one is N; Ar.sub.1a and Ar.sub.1b are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted: C.sub.6-60 aryl or C.sub.1-60 heteroaryl containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, cyano, or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-10 alkyl; each R.sub.3 is independently hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, cyano, nitro, amino, or a substituted or unsubstituted: C.sub.1-60 alkyl, C.sub.1-60 haloalkyl, C.sub.1-60 alkoxy, a C.sub.1-60 haloalkoxy, C.sub.3-60 cycloalkyl, C.sub.2-60 alkenyl, C.sub.6-60 aryl, C.sub.6-60 aryloxy, or a C.sub.1-60 heteroaryl containing at least one heteroatom selected from N, O and S; and an organic light emitting device comprising the same.

The present invention provides an organometallic complex having a high quantum efficiency even in a polymer thin film as a emitting material for organic electroluminescent (EL) element. The present invention relates to an organoiridium complex for an organic electroluminescent element represented by the following Formula; wherein a CN ligand including two atomic groups (A.sup.1, A.sup.2), and a -diketone ligand in line symmetry having two tert-butyl-substituted phenyl groups are coordinated with an iridium atom. The organoiridium complex of the present invention has a high quantum efficiency even in a polymer thin film with respect to green to yellow electroluminescence. ##STR00001##
(In the aforementioned Formula, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are each a tert-butyl group or a hydrogen atom, and have at least one tert-butyl group; they may bond each other to thereby form a saturated hydrocarbon ring, when having two tert-butyl groups; A.sup.1, A.sup.2 are each an unsaturated hydrocarbon ring, at least one is a single ring, and at least one is a heterocyclic ring).

Manufacturing method including forming, over substrate, TFT layer, planarization layer, and display element in this order. Forming of TFT layer involves forming passivation layer to cover TFT layer electrode, such as upper electrode, and to come in contact with planarizing layer. Forming of display element involves forming bottom electrode to come in contact with planarizing layer. TFT layer electrode and bottom electrode are connected by: first forming, in planarizing layer, first contact hole exposing passivation layer at bottom thereof; then forming second contact hole exposing TFT layer electrode at bottom thereof through dry-etching passivation layer exposed at bottom of first contact hole using fluorine-containing gas; then forming liquid repellent film containing fluorine on passivation layer inner surface facing second contact hole; and forming bottom electrode along planarizing layer inner surface and passivation layer inner surface respectively facing first contact hole and second contact hole.

The invention discloses an organic mixture, a formulation and an organic electronic device comprising the said organic mixture, and their applications. The organic mixture comprises a first host material H1, a second host material H2 and an organic fluorescence emissive material E1, wherein the second host material H2 and the first host material H1 form an exciplex. The first host material H1 and the second host material H2 have type-II heterojunction structures, and the emitting wavelength of the organic fluorescence emissive material E1 is larger than or equal to that of the exciplex formed by the first host material H1 and the second host material H2. According to the solution, a luminescent device with low manufacturing cost, high efficiency, long life span, and low roll-off is provided.

The present invention relates to metal complexes of the general formula L.sup.1ML.sup.2 (I), wherein M is selected from Ir and Rh, L.sup.1 is a ligand of formula

##STR00001## L.sup.2 is a ligand of formula

##STR00002##

to OLEDs (Organic Light-Emitting Diodes) which comprise such complexes, to a device selected from the group consisting of illuminating elements, stationary visual display units and mobile visual display units comprising such an OLED, to the use of such a metal complex in OLEDs, for example as emitter, matrix material, charge transport material and/or charge or exciton blocker.

Black photoactive materials that comprise synthetic eumelanin polymers are provided, as are methods of making and using the polymers. The synthetic eumelanin polymers are made from the plant oil vanillin, and exhibit defined structural and chemical characteristics (e.g. homogeneity, solubility, etc.) that make them suitable for use in devices that require photoactive materials, such as solar cells.

Provided are a compound of Formula 1 and an organic electric element including a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic material layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and comprising the compound, the element showing decreased driving voltage, improved luminescent efficiency, stability, and life span.

Synthetic processes for forming highly conjugated semiconducting polymers via the use of microreactor systems, such as microfluidic continuous flow reactors are described herein. The compounds synthesized include conjugated systems incorporating fused thiophenes and, more particularly, fused thiophene-based diketopyrrolopyrrole polymers, which are useful as organic semiconductors and have application in modern electronic devices.

An organic EL device includes a pair of electrodes and an organic compound layer between pair of electrodes. The organic compound layer includes an emitting layer including a first material, a second material and a third material, in which singlet energy EgS(H) of the first material, singlet energy EgS(H2) of the second material, and singlet energy EgS(D) of the third material satisfy a specific relationship.