Disclosed white organic light emitting device includes an anode and a cathode opposing each other; a charge generation layer interposed between the anode and the cathode; a first stack interposed between the anode and the charge generation layer, the first stack including a first hole transport layer and a first light emitting layer emitting blue fluorescent light; and a second stack interposed between the charge generation layer and the cathode, the second stack including a second hole transport layer and a second light emitting layer formed by doping one host with at least one of phosphorescent dopant, wherein a triplet energy level of the first hole transport layer is higher than a triplet energy level of the first light emitting layer, and a hole mobility of the first hole transport layer is 5.0?10.sup.?4 cm.sup.2/s.Math.V to 9.9?10.sup.?3 cm.sup.2/s.Math.V.

A light-emitting element is provided. The light-emitting element includes first and second electrodes and an EL layer therebetween. The EL layer includes a light-emitting layer containing first and second substances. The amount of the first substance is larger than that of the second substance. The second substance emits light. Average transition dipole moments of the second substance are divided into three components in x-, y-, and z-directions which are orthogonal to each other. Components parallel to the first or second electrode are assumed to be the components in the x- and y-directions, and a component perpendicular to the first or second electrode is assumed to be the component in the z-direction. The proportion of the component in the z-direction is represented by a, which is less than or equal to 0.2.

A short wavelength infrared up-conversion device of one embodiment includes a first electrode connected to an anode, an OLED layer stacked on the first electrode and up-converting short-wavelength infrared ray incident through the first electrode into visible light, a blocking layer located between the first electrode and an infrared-sensitive thin film layer to prevent hole injection into the infrared-sensitive thin film layer, an infrared-sensitive thin film layer located between the blocking layer and the OLED layer, and injecting holes into the OLED layer from electron-hole pairs created by absorbing the short-wavelength infrared ray incident through the first electrode, and a transparent second electrode stacked on the OLED layer and connected to a cathode, wherein the first electrode includes a transparent electrode unit, and a reflective electrode unit that reflects visible light incident from the OLED layer to the first electrode toward the second electrode.

The present invention relates to a formulation comprising organic materials for the production of organic electronic devices having a low failure rate.

The invention relates to an optoelectronic device including a light-emitting layer, the light-emitting layer including (i) a host material, and (ii) an organic molecule including a structure of Formula I:

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.X is selected from the group consisting of: a halogen group; a cyano group; a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group; a substituted or unsubstituted alkynyl group; a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group; a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group; a substituted or unsubstituted silyl group; a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group; a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group; and a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon ring group.

A compound of formula Ir(L.sub.A).sub.x(L.sub.B).sub.y(L.sub.C).sub.z, where L.sub.A has structure comprising Formula I,

##STR00001##

is provided. In Formula I, each of X.sup.3 to X.sup.7 is N or CR; Z is an electron-withdrawing group; Y is a linking group; each R, R, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.A, and R.sup.B is hydrogen or a General Substituent defined herein; and each R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is a substituent comprising at least one carbon atom. Formulations, OLEDs, and consumer products containing the compound are also provided.

A display apparatus includes: a substrate including an emission area and a sensing area; a light-emitting device disposed on the substrate to correspond to the emission area; a light-receiving device disposed on the substrate to correspond to the sensing area; and an upconversion device covering the light-receiving device.

A light-emitting device including an organometallic compound represented by Formula 1, an electronic apparatus including the light-emitting device, and the organometallic compound represented by Formula 1, as described herein, are provided.

##STR00001##

A light conversion layer includes a conversion material. The conversion material includes an up-conversion luminescent material and/or a down-conversion luminescent material. The light conversion layer is arranged on a light incident side of a light absorption layer of the solar cell. By introducing the light conversion layer including the up-conversion luminescent material and/or the down-conversion luminescent material into the solar cell, long-wavelength band (low energy) and/or short-wavelength band (high energy) photons can be absorbed and converted into wavebands that can be absorbed by the light absorption layer.

A light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode opposite to the first electrode, an interlayer between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1. In addition, there are provided an electronic apparatus including the light-emitting device and the condensed cyclic compound represented by Formula 1:

##STR00001##