The present invention provides a piezoelectric material not containing lead and potassium, having a high relative density, a high Curie temperature, and a high mechanical quality factor, and exhibiting good piezoelectricity. The piezoelectric material contains 0.04 percent by mole or more and 2.00 percent by mole or less of Cu relative to 1 mol of metal oxide represented by General formula (1) below.
((Na.sub.1-zLi.sub.z).sub.xBa.sub.1-y)(Nb.sub.yTi.sub.1-y)O.sub.3 (in Formula, 0.70≦x≦0.99, 0.75≦y≦0.99, and 0<z<0.15, and x<y)  General formula (1)

The present disclosure relates to a multilayer piezoelectric element which includes a plurality of piezoelectric layers with a thickness of 15 μm to 100 μm each; and internal electrodes interposed between the plurality of piezoelectric layers and laminated to alternately form an anode and a cathode.

A piezoelectric ceramic electronic component that includes a piezoelectric ceramic body including at least one piezoelectric ceramic layer; and a plurality of electrodes on a surface or inside of the piezoelectric ceramic body and arranged so that the at least one piezoelectric ceramic layer is sandwiched between adjacent electrodes of the plurality of electrodes. The at least one piezoelectric ceramic layer is a ceramic sintered body containing a potassium sodium niobate-based compound and Mn. When the at least one piezoelectric ceramic layer sandwiched between the adjacent electrodes is divided into three equal parts in a thickness direction to sequentially define a first region, a second region, and a third region between the adjacent electrodes, a second Mn concentration in the second region is higher than a first Mn concentration in the first region and a third Mn concentration in the third region.

The present invention aims to provide an excellent piezoelectric composition and an excellent piezoelectric element if the piezoelectric properties especially a high spontaneous polarization and a sufficiently high resistivity, the low pollution, the environment and the ecology are considered. In the piezoelectric composition, the main component contains the substance represented by the following formula with a perovskite-typed structure, (Bi.sub.(0.5x+y+z)Na.sub.0.5x).sub.m(Ti.sub.x+0.5yMg.sub.0.5yAl.sub.z)O.sub.3. Wherein, 0.01≦x≦0.8, 0.2≦y≦0.8, 0.01≦z≦0.6, 0.75≦m≦1.0, and x+y+z=1.

A device, system and method for protecting electronic systems from failure or damage when such systems are subjected to undesired conducted or radiated energy such as electromagnetic pulse or electromagnetic interference. The invention also reduces the amount of conducted or radiated emissions from an electronic system. A novel, non-conductive signal feedthrough allows a desired signal to be communicated with electrical connectivity. An incoming desired electrical signal is converted to vibrational energy by a piezoelectric transducer, which is communicated into the interior volume of a conductive electrical enclosure housing a system to be protected, where it is converted back to electrical for processing by the system to be protected by a second piezoelectric transducer. The signal feedthrough allows a continuous conductive enclosure to be employed, providing protection from undesired radiated energy. The signal feedthrough allows communication without requiring electrical conduction through the feedthrough, thus protecting against undesired conducted energy.

A piezoelectric actuator includes a vibrating section configured to flexurally vibrate in an in-plane direction, a connecting section connected to the vibrating section in the vibrating direction of the vibrating section, a supporting section configured to support the vibrating section via the connecting section, and a reinforcing section provided on an opposite side of the vibrating section in the supporting section in a direction parallel to a direction in which the vibrating section and the connecting section are arranged.

A polymeric piezoelectric material, comprising at least two regions: a region H, which is an oriented polymeric piezoelectric region that includes an optically active helical chiral polymer (A) having a weight average molecular weight of from 50,000 to 1,000,000, the region H having a crystallinity of from 20% to 80% and having a standardized molecular orientation-of from 3.5 to 15.0; and a region L, which is a low orientation region that includes the optically active helical chiral polymer (A) having a weight average molecular weight of from 50,000 to 1,000,000, the region L being present near at least part of an end portion of the region H, having an average width when viewed from a normal direction with respect to the principal plane of the region H of from 10 μm to 300 μm, and having a retardation is 100 nm or less.

Actuator device has a main body with base and superstructure bodies, the device having a plurality of actuators formed from a piezoelectric or electrostrictive material and each extend from the base body and form the superstructure body. The actuators each have at least two inner actuating electrodes of which at least one first inner actuating electrode extends, in a positive depthwise direction from the front side up to a distance from the rear side, and of which at least one second inner actuating electrode extends in a negative depthwise direction from the rear side up to a distance from the front side. At least one first inner actuating electrode of each actuator is provided for electrical connection to a first connection pole of an actuating device, a rear-side layer which is formed from electrically conductive material arranged on the rear side of the actuator device.

An electrical generation system for a door positioned in a doorway includes a hinge arranged to support the door for rotational movement with respect to the doorway between a closed position and an open position, and a cam that is one of coupled to the door for movement with the door, and fixed with respect to the doorway. A piezo-electric generator is the other of coupled to the door for movement with the door, and fixed with respect to the doorway. The piezo-electric generator and the cam cooperate such that rotation of the cam with respect to the piezo-electric generator is operable to produce an electrical current in response to rotation of the door, and wherein the electrical current has a frequency that is greater than the number of revolutions made by the cam with respect to the piezo-electric generator.

Provided is a multilayer actuator and a display device comprising the same with improved driving displacement that includes, for example, a plurality of electroactive layers, wherein the electroactive layers comprise a ferroelectric polymer, and polarization directions of all electroactive layers are substantially the same.