The presently-disclosed subject matter includes methods for making a copper ink. In some embodiments the methods comprise forming an aqueous solution that includes copper and adding an amount of a surfactant to the aqueous solution to thereby produce a copper ink that includes a dispersion of copper nanoparticles. In some embodiments the methods further include adding an amount of a reducing agent to the aqueous solution. In some instances the copper inks are formed from copper salts, and in some embodiments the copper inks do not include oxides of copper. The presently-disclosed subject matter also includes copper inks formed by the presently-disclosed methods as well as methods of forming a copper film from a copper ink.

The present invention is a sliding contact material having a composition of Cu of 6.0% by mass or more and 9.0% by mass or less, Ni of 0.1% by mass or more and 2.0% by mass or less, an additive element M of 0.1% by mass or more and 0.8% by mass or less, and the balance being Ag. The additive element M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Sm, La and Zr. The present sliding contact material has a material structure in which dispersion particles containing an intermetallic compound containing at least both Ni and an additive element M are dispersed in an Ag alloy matrix. It is required that the ratio of a Ni content (% by mass) and a content of an additive element M (% by mass) (K.sub.Ni/K.sub.M) in the dispersion particles falls within a predetermined range. The present invention is an Ag alloy-based sliding contact material more excellent also in abrasion resistance than conventional ones, and a material adaptable to higher rotation numbers of micromotors.

A multi-core cable includes at least two coaxial wire pairs, each of the coaxial wire pairs including two coaxial wires being arranged side by side in contact with each other, each of the coaxial wires including a center conductor, an insulator, an outer conductor and a jacket, the outer conductor including an inner layer portion formed by thin metal wires being helically wrapped, and an outer layer portion formed by a metal resin tape being helically wrapped around the inner layer portion. A wrapping direction of the thin metal wires of the inner layer portion is opposite to a wrapping direction of the metal resin tape of the outer layer portion. An angle in the wrapping direction of the metal resin tape with respect to the wrapping direction of the thin metal wires is in a range of 30 or more but 90 or less. A cross-talk between the coaxial wire pairs is equal to or less than 40 dB.

An Electro Static Discharge (ESD) Safe Liner device made from Carbon Filled EVA Sheet and Film that provides the ways a liner can provide a safe method to prevent Electro static discharges from containers transporting various materials. Additionally, the Cuff or the thin mil film material fastened to the top of the liner provides a capability where there is enough excess material at the top of the liner which, when removed is than gathered in a variety of methods and contains any residual from the unused material within the liner for proper disposal and no mess. The container liners are for large and small containers and prove themselves extremely efficient.

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a heating element, a heating element manufactured thereby, and a use method thereof and, more particularly, to a method of manufacturing a heating element by combining a plurality of ultrafine wires having a high resistance value in a parallel structure in which the entire areas of the plurality of ultrafine wires contact each other, so that a combined resistance value is reduced while each of the ultrafine wires has a high resistance value to improve heat generating efficiency; the heating element; a use method thereof. The method for manufacturing a heating element forms an ultrafine wire having a high resistance value from a single metal or an alloy metal and then joins a plurality of ultrafine wires so as to be in contact with each other to form a single bundle resulting in a single-strand heating wire.

A method for synthesizing a copper-silver alloy includes an ink preparation step, a coating step, a crystal nucleus formation step and a crystal nucleus synthesis step. In the ink preparation step, a copper salt particle, an amine-based solvent, and a silver salt particle are mixed, thereby preparing a copper-silver ink. In the coating step, a member to be coated is coated with the copper-silver ink. In the crystal nucleus formation step, at least one of a crystal nucleus of copper having a crystal grain diameter of 0.2 ?m or less and a crystal nucleus of silver having a crystal grain diameter of 0.2 ?m or less is formed from the copper-silver ink. In the crystal nucleus synthesis step, the crystal nucleus of copper and the crystal nucleus of silver are synthesized.

A heat-resistant film that has high adhesion and low warping, a method for producing the film, and a metal-clad laminate and a coated metal conductor, using the film. The film includes an aromatic polyimide base film, and a layer containing a polymer having units based on tetrafluoroethylene and units based on a perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) and an aromatic polymer, formed on each side of the base film.

A copper alloy for an electronic and electric device includes: Mg in a range of 0.1 mass % or more and less than 0.5 mass %; and a Cu balance including inevitable impurities, wherein a graph, in which a vertical axis is d.sub.t/d.sub.t and a horizontal axis is a true strain .sub.t, d.sub.t/d.sub.t being defined by a true stress .sub.t and the true strain .sub.t, obtained in a tensile test of the copper alloy, has a strained region that has a positive slope of d.sub.t/d.sub.t.

A plated fiber that is obtained by applying a metal plating onto a fiber having an elongation percentage which is more than or equal to 1% and less than or equal to 10%. An elongation percentage of the metal plating is higher than the elongation percentage of the fiber. A carbon fiber wherein the surface oxygen amount as a value obtained by dividing an O.sub.1S peak intensity measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy by a C.sub.1S peak intensity measured by the spectroscopy is more than or equal to 0.097 and less than or equal to 0.138.

Implementations of a battery pack with reduced magnetic field emission are provided. In some implementations, the battery pack may be configured to reduce and/or eliminate the magnetic field normally generated while electrical current is being drawn from one or more cylindrical-steel electrochemical cells (e.g., AA batteries) by a connected electrical device. In some implementations, each electrochemical cell of a battery pack may include a conductive sleeve comprised of four conductive strips that are separated from the electrochemical cell by a thin insulating layer of material. In this way, the conductive sleeve provides a return path for electrical current that minimizes the loop area between the electrochemical cell and the conductive sleeve thereof. In some implementations, the four conductive strips of a conductive sleeve may be equally spaced 90 degrees apart and/or positioned longitudinally on a cylindrical-steel electrochemical cell, separated therefrom by the insulating layer of material.