The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for combined protection of a load from temporary and transient overvoltages with emergency operation of the load in the presence of a temporary overvoltage and with integrated follow current limitation, wherein a first surge arrester, in particular a spark gap or a varistor, is provided between network-side input terminals and a second surge arrester, in particular a varistor, is provided between load-side output terminals for follow current limitation. According to the invention, at least one controlled semiconductor switch is provided in each case in the series branch between the input terminal and the output terminal and in the output-side parallel branch, wherein a mechanical switch and a series capacitance are connected in parallel with the semiconductor switch in the series branch. Furthermore, the semiconductor switch in the parallel branch is part of a series circuit comprising a parallel circuit comprising a second surge arrester and a parallel capacitance. A series inductance is provided in the series branch between the input terminal and the parallel circuit comprising the series capacitance, the controlled semiconductor switch and the mechanical switch. A microcontroller for controlling the semiconductor switches is also present, wherein the microcontroller is connected to a current detector in the series branch.

A signal generation device, including: an insulation element having transmission and reception units, and isolatedly transmitting an input wave introduced to the transmission unit, to thereby output an output wave from the reception unit; a power unit generating a voltage according to the output wave; a terminal having an output signal corresponding to the voltage; a generation unit generating a control signal; an insulation unit isolatedly transmitting the control signal, and generating a drive signal according to the control signal; a selection unit selecting whether to output the output signal to the terminal, according to the drive signal; a detection unit generating a detection signal indicating the state of the output signal, according to a detection wave obtained from the transmission unit; and a control signal adjustment unit adjusting the control signal according to the detection signal, the output signal being adjusted according to the adjustment of the control signal.

A transformer includes: a primary winding comprising a first port, a second port and a metal layer connected between the first port and the second port, the metal layer comprising a plurality of sections of different electrical lengths and/or characteristic impedances; and a secondary winding electromagnetically coupled with the primary winding, the secondary winding comprising a first port, a second port and a metal layer connected between the first port and the second port, the metal layer comprising a plurality of sections of different electrical lengths and/or characteristic impedances.

A transformer includes: a primary winding comprising a first port, a second port and a metal layer connected between the first port and the second port, the metal layer comprising a plurality of sections of different electrical lengths and/or characteristic impedances; and a secondary winding electromagnetically coupled with the primary winding, the secondary winding comprising a first port, a second port and a metal layer connected between the first port and the second port, the metal layer comprising a plurality of sections of different electrical lengths and/or characteristic impedances.

Embodiments of the present invention may provide a system with a first and second circuit system separated by an electrical isolation barrier but provided in communication by at least one isolator device that bridges the isolation barrier. The first circuit system may include a communication system to transmit data across a common isolator device as a series of pulses, and the second circuit system may receive the series of pulses corresponding to the data. The second circuit system may include a detector coupled to the common isolator device to detect the received pulses, a oneshot to frame the received pulse(s), and a controller to reconstruct the data based on accumulated framed pulse(s). Therefore, noise induced spurious pulses outside the oneshot intervals may be ignored by the second circuit system providing improved noise immunity.

A DC-DC converter includes: an transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding magnetically coupled to the primary winding; a power oscillator applying an oscillating signal to the primary to transmit a power signal to the secondary winding; a rectifier connected to the secondary winding of the transformer to obtain an output DC voltage by rectification of the power signal; comparison circuitry to generate an error signal representing a difference between the output DC voltage and a reference voltage; a transmitter connected to the secondary winding of the transformer to apply an amplitude modulation to the power signal at the secondary winding of the transformer in response to the error signal to thereby produce an amplitude modulated signal at the primary winding; and a receiver and control circuit connected to the primary winding to control an amplitude of the oscillating signal as a function of the amplitude modulated signal.

A DC-DC converter includes: an transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding magnetically coupled to the primary winding; a power oscillator applying an oscillating signal to the primary to transmit a power signal to the secondary winding; a rectifier connected to the secondary winding of the transformer to obtain an output DC voltage by rectification of the power signal; comparison circuitry to generate an error signal representing a difference between the output DC voltage and a reference voltage; a transmitter connected to the secondary winding of the transformer to apply an amplitude modulation to the power signal at the secondary winding of the transformer in response to the error signal to thereby produce an amplitude modulated signal at the primary winding; and a receiver and control circuit connected to the primary winding to control an amplitude of the oscillating signal as a function of the amplitude modulated signal.

An electronic device has a substrate and first and second metallization levels with a resonant circuit. The first metallization level has a first dielectric layer on a side of the substrate, and a first metal layer on the first dielectric layer. The second metallization level has a second dielectric layer on the first dielectric layer and the first metal layer, and a second metal layer on the second dielectric layer. The electronic device includes a first plate in the first metal layer, and a second plate spaced apart from the first plate in the second metal layer to form a capacitor. The electronic device includes a winding in one of the first and second metal layers and coupled to one of the first and second plates in a resonant circuit.

A semiconductor device has a semiconductor substrate, a first insulating layer, a first inductor, a second insulating layer, a second inductor, a pad and an annular wiring. The first insulating layer is formed on the semiconductor substrate. The first inductor is directly formed on the first insulating layer. The second insulating layer is formed on the first insulating layer such that the second insulating layer covers the first inductor. The second inductor is directly formed on the second insulating layer such that the second inductor faces the first inductor. The pad is directly formed on the second insulating layer. The pad is electrically connected with the second inductor. The annular wiring is electrically connected with the pad. The annular wiring is spaced apart from the second inductor. The annular wiring surrounds the second inductor without forming a vertex in plan view.

Disclosed herein is a pulse transformer that includes first to fourth terminal electrodes provided on the first flange part, fifth to eighth terminal electrodes provided on the second flange part, first and second wires wound around the winding core part having one end connected to the first and second terminal electrodes and other end connected to the seventh and eighth terminal electrodes, and third and fourth wire wound around the winding core part having one end connected to third and fourth terminal electrodes and other end connected to the fifth and sixth terminal electrodes. A winding direction of the first and third wires is opposite to a winding direction of the second and fourth wires.