A printed energy storage device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator between the first and the second electrode. At least one of the first electrode, the second electrode, and the separator includes frustules, for example of diatoms. The frustules may have a uniform or substantially uniform property or attribute such as shape, dimension, and/or porosity. A property or attribute of the frustules can also be modified by applying or forming a surface modifying structure and/or material to a surface of the frustules. A membrane for an energy storage device includes frustules. An ink for a printed film includes frustules.

A printed energy storage device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator between the first and the second electrode. At least one of the first electrode, the second electrode, and the separator includes frustules, for example of diatoms. The frustules may have a uniform or substantially uniform property or attribute such as shape, dimension, and/or porosity. A property or attribute of the frustules can also be modified by applying or forming a surface modifying structure and/or material to a surface of the frustules. A membrane for an energy storage device includes frustules. An ink for a printed film includes frustules.

Ternary composite material, electrode, supercapacitor, and related methods. A ternary composite material includes a scaffold formed of carbon nanotubes (CNT), a first layer of zeolitic imidazolate 8 (ZIF-8) crystals formed on the scaffold of the CNT, and a second layer of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) flakes formed on the first layer of the ZIF-8 crystals. An electrode can be formed with the ternary composite. A supercapacitor may include one or more electrodes that are at least partly formed of the ternary composite material. Methods of producing the ternary composite material and the electrodes are also disclosed.

An objective of the present disclosure is to provide a method of producing metal compound particle group for an electricity storage device electrode that has an improved rate characteristic, the metal compound particle group, and an electrode formed of the metal compound particle group. The method of producing metal compound particle group applied for an electrode of an electricity storage device, the method includes a step of combining a precursor of metal compound particle with a carbon source to obtain a first composite material, a step of producing the metal compound particle by heat processing the first composite material under a non-oxidizing atmosphere to obtain a second composite material having the metal compound particle combined with carbon, and a step of eliminating carbon by heat processing the second composite material under an oxygen atmosphere to obtain the metal compound particle group having the metal compound particle coupled in a three-dimensional mesh structure.

An objective of the present disclosure is to provide a method of producing metal compound particle group for an electricity storage device electrode that has an improved rate characteristic, the metal compound particle group, and an electrode formed of the metal compound particle group. The method of producing metal compound particle group applied for an electrode of an electricity storage device, the method includes a step of combining a precursor of metal compound particle with a carbon source to obtain a first composite material, a step of producing the metal compound particle by heat processing the first composite material under a non-oxidizing atmosphere to obtain a second composite material having the metal compound particle combined with carbon, and a step of eliminating carbon by heat processing the second composite material under an oxygen atmosphere to obtain the metal compound particle group having the metal compound particle coupled in a three-dimensional mesh structure.

A printed energy storage device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator between the first and the second electrode. At least one of the first electrode, the second electrode, and the separator includes frustules, for example of diatoms. The frustules may have a uniform or substantially uniform property or attribute such as shape, dimension, and/or porosity. A property or attribute of the frustules can also be modified by applying or forming a surface modifying structure and/or material to a surface of the frustules. A membrane for an energy storage device includes frustules. An ink for a printed film includes frustules.

A printed energy storage device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator between the first and the second electrode. At least one of the first electrode, the second electrode, and the separator includes frustules, for example of diatoms. The frustules may have a uniform or substantially uniform property or attribute such as shape, dimension, and/or porosity. A property or attribute of the frustules can also be modified by applying or forming a surface modifying structure and/or material to a surface of the frustules. A membrane for an energy storage device includes frustules. An ink for a printed film includes frustules.

A three-dimensional electrode array for use in electrochemical cells, fuel cells, capacitors, supercapacitors, flow batteries, metal-air batteries and semi-solid batteries.

A three-dimensional electrode array for use in electrochemical cells, fuel cells, capacitors, supercapacitors, flow batteries, metal-air batteries and semi-solid batteries.

Energy storage structures and fabrication methods are provided. The method include: providing first and second conductive sheet portions separated by a permeable separator sheet, and defining, at least in part, outer walls of the energy storage structure, the first and second surface regions of the first and second conductive sheet portions including first and second electrodes facing first and second (opposite) surfaces of the permeable separator sheet; forming an electrolyte receiving chamber, defined, at least in part, by the first and second surface regions, including: bonding the first and second conductive sheet portions, and the permeable separator sheet together with at least one bonding border forming a bordering frame around at least a portion of the first and second electrodes; and providing an electrolyte within the electrolyte receiving chamber, including in contact with the first and second electrodes, with the electrolyte being capable of passing through the permeable separator sheet.